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A shrinking discipline

机译:学科萎缩

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Psychiatry has always been the most controversial of medical disciplines. So controversial, indeed, that many of its more eclectic practitioners have not thought it a discipline, while others have denied that it formed part of medicine. Edward Shorter, professor in the history of medicine at the University of Toronto, has now written a polemical history of psychiatry that should prove as contentious as the practice thereof. From the word go, Shorter makes his own position clear: "If there is one central intellectual reality at the end of the twentieth century, it is that the biological approach to psychiatry — treating mental illness as a genetically influenced disorder of brain chemistry—has been a smashing [sic] success." Shorter distinguishes absolutely between 'biological psychiatry' and what he calls the "'biopsychosocial' model of illness". These perspectives, he claims, "are polar opposites, in that both cannot be true at the same time". He continues: "Either one's depression is due to a biologically influenced imbalance in one's neurotrans-mitters, perhaps activated by stress, or it stems from some psychodynamic process in one's unconscious mind." Words (almost) fail one: does Shorter really believe that psychological states are disjoint from brain states?
机译:精神病学一直是医学界争议最大的话题。确实如此有争议,以至于它的许多折衷主义者都不认为它是一门学科,而其他人则否认它是医学的一部分。多伦多大学医学史教授爱德华·肖特(Edward Shorter)现在已经撰写了一部颇具争议的精神病学史,该病史与实践中的争议一样大。从一开始,肖特就清楚地表明了自己的立场:“如果在20世纪末存在一个中心的智力现实,那就是精神病学的生物学方法(将精神疾病视为遗传上的大脑化学疾病)已经取得了巨大的成功。”肖特尔将“生物精神病学”和他所谓的“生物心理社会学”疾病模型完全区分开。他声称,这些观点“是相反的,因为两者不能同时是真的”。他继续说:“要么抑郁是由于受神经影响的生物递质失衡,也许是由于压力引起的,或者是由于潜意识中某些心理动力学过程引起的。”话语(几乎)失败了:肖特真的相信心理状态与大脑状态是脱节的吗?

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1997年第6623期|p.346|共1页
  • 作者

    John C. Marshall;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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