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CONTINENTAL BREAKUP AND THE ORDINAL DIVERSIFICATION OF BIRDS AND MAMMALS

机译:连续性崩溃和鸟类和哺乳动物的正常多样化

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摘要

THE classical hypothesis for the diversification of birds and mammals proposes that most of the orders diverged rapidly in adaptive radiations after the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) extinction event 65 million years ago (1-3). Evidence is provided by the near-absence of fossils representing modern orders before the K/T boundary(4,5). However, fossil-based estimates of divergence time are known to be conservative because of sampling biases(6), and some molecular/time estimates point to earlier divergences among orders(7-10). In an attempt to resolve this controversy, we have estimated times of divergence among avian and mammalian orders with a comprehensive set of genes that exhibit a constant rate of substitution. Here we report molecular estimates of divergence times that average about 50-90% earlier than those predicted by the classical hypothesis, and show that the timing of these divergences coincides with the Mesozoic fragmentation of emergent land areas. This suggests that continental breakup may have been an important mechanism in the ordinal diversification of birds and mammals. [References: 30]
机译:关于鸟类和哺乳动物多样化的经典假设提出,在6500万年前白垩纪/第三纪(K / T)灭绝事件发生之后,大多数阶在适应性辐射中迅速发散(1-3)。有证据表明,在K / T边界之前几乎没有化石代表现代秩序(4,5)。但是,由于采样偏差(6),已知基于化石的发散时间估计是保守的(6),一些分子/时间估计指出了阶次之间的更早发散(7-10)。为了解决这个争议,我们用一组显示恒定替代率的基因估算了鸟类和哺乳动物种群之间的分歧时间。在这里,我们报告了发散时间的分子估计,其平均时间比经典假设所预测的平均时间早约50-90%,并显示出这些发散的时间与新兴土地区的中生代破碎相吻合。这表明大陆解体可能是鸟类和哺乳动物有序多样化的重要机制。 [参考:30]

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1996年第6579期|p. 226-229|共4页
  • 作者单位

    PENN STATE UNIV DEPT BIOL 208 MUELLER LAB UNIVERSITY PK PA 16802 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    Evolution; Phylogeny;

    机译:进化;系统发育;

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