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THE MECHANISM OF DISSOLUTION OF OXIDE MINERALS

机译:氧化物矿物的溶解机理

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THE exchange of metal ions between an oxide mineral surface and water occurs in a wide range of processes, including corrosion(1), the breakdown, of inhaled dusts(2,3), soil formation(4) and the cycling of toxic substances in the environment(5). In studies of the mechanisms of dissolution, the measured rate-law order with respect to protons(6-15) cannot be reconciled with the number of protons needed to form any reasonable assumed activated complex. Here we suggest that this discrepancy can be avoided if one takes into account the number of protonation and deprotonation steps leading to detachment of the hydrated metal ion. We show that the experimental proton rate order reflects a net balance of protons removed and attached in these steps. Our mechanism explains why the rate order generally coincides with the metal valence(8,9,11,12,16-18), and why there is a similarity between rates of water ligand liability in dissolved complexes and rates of mineral dissolution(19-22) and metal desorption(23). It eliminates the need to invoke catalysis by protons, and establishes a close consistency between reactions at surfaces and (better understood) ligand-exchange reactions in solution. [References: 28]
机译:氧化物矿物表面与水之间的金属离子交换发生在广泛的过程中,包括腐蚀(1),吸入粉尘的分解(2,3),土壤形成(4)和有毒物质循环等。环境(5)。在研究溶解机理时,相对于质子(6-15)的测得的速率-律顺序不能与形成任何合理的假定活化复合物所需的质子数相对应。在这里,我们建议,如果考虑到导致水合金属离子脱离的质子化和去质子化步骤的数量,则可以避免这种差异。我们表明,实验质子率顺序反映了在这些步骤中除去并附着的质子的净平衡。我们的机理解释了为什么速率顺序通常与金属化合价一致(8,9,11,12,16-18),以及为什么溶解的络合物中水配体键合速率与矿物溶解速率之间存在相似性(19- 22)和金属脱附(23)。它消除了质子引起催化的需要,并在表面反应与溶液中(更好理解的)配体交换反应之间建立了紧密的一致性。 [参考:28]

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