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Role of a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in degradation of S- and M-phase cyclins.

机译:泛素结合酶在S和M期细胞周期蛋白降解中的作用。

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Cell cycle progression in eukaryotes is controlled by the p34cdc2/CDC28 protein kinase and its short-lived, phase-specific regulatory subunits called cyclins. In Xenopus oocytes, degradation of M-phase (B-type) cyclins is required for exit from mitosis and is mediated by the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic system. Here we show that B-type-cyclin degradation in yeast involves an essential nuclear ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, UBC9. Repression of UBC9 synthesis prevents cell cycle progression at the G2 or early M phase, causing the accumulation of large budded cells with a single nucleus, a short spindle and replicated DNA. In ubc9 mutants both CLB5, an S-phase cyclin, and CLB2, an M-phase cyclin, are stabilized. In wild-type cells the CLB5 protein is unstable throughout the cell cycle, whereas CLB2 turnover occurs only at a specific cell-cycle stage. Thus distinct degradation signals or regulated interaction with the ubiquitin-protein ligase system may determine the cell-cycle specificity of cyclin proteolysis.
机译:真核生物中的细胞周期进程受p34cdc2 / CDC28蛋白激酶及其短暂的,阶段特异性的调控亚基(细胞周期蛋白)控制。在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中,M相(B型)细胞周期蛋白的降解是有丝分裂退出所必需的,并由泛素依赖性蛋白水解系统介导。在这里,我们显示酵母中的B型细胞周期蛋白降解涉及一种必不可少的核泛素结合酶UBC9。抑制UBC9合成可阻止细胞周期在G2或早期M期发展,从而导致具有单个核,短梭形和复制DNA的大芽细胞积累。在ubc9突变体中,CLB5(S期细胞周期蛋白)和CLB2(M期细胞周期蛋白)均稳定。在野生型细胞中,CLB5蛋白在整个细胞周期中都不稳定,而CLB2转换仅在特定的细胞周期阶段发生。因此,独特的降解信号或与遍在蛋白-蛋白质连接酶系统之间相互作用的调控可能决定了细胞周期蛋白蛋白水解的细胞周期特异性。

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