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STRUCTURAL QUANTUM EFFECTS AND THREE-CENTRE TWO-ELECTRON BONDING IN CH5+

机译:CH5 +中的结构量子效应和三中心两电子键合

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摘要

HYPERCOORDINATE carbonium ions can be formed by protonating saturated hydrocarbons with superacids(1-3). As this leaves a deficiency of bonding electrons, the resulting non-classical carbocations contain bonds in which two electrons are shared between three nuclei. Protonated methane, CH5+, might be seen as the prototype of such species(1-3). But recent calculations(4,5) have suggested that all five C-H bonds are effectively equivalent and exchange dynamically very rapidly. It was therefore concluded(4) that CH5+ is a highly fluxional molecule without a definite structure, in which the representation in terms of three-centre two-electron bonding is misleading. Here we use a recently developed technique(6) to perform ab initio electronic structure calculations that include quantum effects of the nuclei. We find that, although there are prominent quantum-mechanical effects on the structure, including fluxionality, pseudo-rotations and hydrogen scrambling, the quantum ground state is nevertheless dominated on average by configurations in which an H-2 moiety is attached to a CH3 group forming a three-centre two-electron bond. To this extent, CH5+ should therefore resemble other carbonium ions. [References: 20]
机译:可以通过用超强酸(1-3)对饱和烃进行质子化反应来形成高配位碳酸根离子。由于这会留下键合电子的不足,因此生成的非经典碳阳离子包含三个原子之间共享两个电子的键。质子化甲烷CH5 +可能被视为此类物质的原型(1-3)。但是最近的计算(4,5)表明,所有五个C-H键实际上是等效的,并且动态交换非常快。因此,可以得出结论[4],CH5 +是一种高流动性分子,没有确定的结构,其中以三中心二电子键表示的结果具有误导性。在这里,我们使用一种最新开发的技术(6)进行从头算起的电子结构计算,其中包括核的量子效应。我们发现,尽管对结构具有显着的量子力学效应,包括通量,伪旋转和氢加扰,但平均而言,量子基态主要是由H-2部分连接至CH3基团的构型决定的形成三中心的两电子键。因此,就此而言,CH5 +应该类似于其他碳离子。 [参考:20]

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1995年第6528期|p. 216-218|共3页
  • 作者

    Marx D.; Parrinello M.;

  • 作者单位

    MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH HEISENBERGSTR 1 D-70569 STUTTGART GERMANY;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    Molecular-dynamics;

    机译:分子动力学;

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