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ELECTRON ACCELERATION FROM THE BREAKING OF RELATIVISTIC PLASMA WAVES

机译：相对论等离子体波破裂引起的电子加速

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摘要

ELECTRONS in a plasma undergo collective wave-like oscillations near the plasma frequency, These plasma waves can have a range of wavelengths and hence a range of phase velocities(1). Of particular note are relativistic plasma waves(2,3), for which the phase velocity approaches the speed of light; the longitudinal electric field associated with such waves can be extremely large, and can be used to accelerate electrons (either injected externally or supplied by the plasma) to high energies over very short distances(2-4). The maximum electric field, and hence maximum acceleration rate, that can be obtained in this way is determined by the maximum amplitude of oscillation that can be supported by the plasma(5-8). When this limit is reached, the plasma wave is said to 'break'. Here we report observations of relativistic plasma waves driven to breaking point by the Raman forward-scattering instability(9,10) induced by short, high-intensity laser pulses, The onset of wave-breaking is indicated by a sudden increase in both the number and maximum energy (up to 44 MeV) of accelerated plasma electrons, as well as by the loss of coherence of laser light scattered from the plasma wave. [References: 29]
机译：等离子体中的电子在等离子体频率附近经历集体波状振荡，这些等离子体波可以具有一定范围的波长，因此也具有一定的相速度（1）。特别值得注意的是相对论等离子体波（2,3），其相速度接近光速；与此类波相关的纵向电场可能非常大，可用于在非常短的距离内将电子（从外部注入或由等离子体提供）加速为高能量（2-4）。以这种方式可以获得的最大电场，进而是最大加速率，取决于等离子（5-8）可以支持的最大振荡幅度。当达到此极限时，等离子体波被称为“破裂”。在这里我们报告了由短而高强度激光脉冲引起的拉曼前向散射不稳定性（9,10）将相对论等离子波驱动到断裂点的观察结果，破波的开始由两个数字的突然增加表示加速等离子体电子的最大能量（高达44 MeV），以及从等离子体波散射的激光的相干性损失。 [参考：29]

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