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Cusp Catastrophe Models for Cognitive Workload and Fatigue: A Comparison of Seven Task Types

机译：认知工作量和疲劳的尖锐突变模型：七个任务类型的比较

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The study introduces a nonlinear paradigm that addresses several unresolved problems concerning cognitive workload and fatigue: (a) how to separate the effects of workload versus fatigue, (b) whether the upper boundaries of cognitive channel capacity are fixed or variable, and how multitasking produces a bottleneck phenomenon, (c) that prolonged time on task can produce performance decrements but also produce improvements in task performance associated with practice and automaticity, and that (d) task switching can alleviate fatigue but could be mentally costly. This study describes two cusp catastrophe models that have become useful for separating the workload and fatigue performance phenomena and explores the role of task switching and multitasking in both performance phenomena. In the experiment, 105 undergraduates completed seven computer-based tasks seven times under one of four experimental conditions: tasks fully alternated, tasks aggregated with the multitask module performed first, aggregated with the multitask module performed last, and where the participants chose the task order themselves. Results supported both the cusp models such that fatigue effects were stronger for tasks with higher memory or attentional demand, and were often counteracted by practice effects; spelling ability acted as a compensation variable in most cases, and the intervening amount of work done acted as the bifurcation variable. For cognitive workload, catastrophic shifts in performance were noted between the single tasks and the multitask, with relative difficulty of the single task acting as the load (asymmetry) variable and the flexible task ordering condition as the bifurcation variable.
机译：该研究引入了一个非线性范例，该范例解决了有关认知工作量和疲劳的几个未解决的问题：（a）如何区分工作量与疲劳的影响，（b）认知通道容量的上限是固定的还是可变的，以及多任务如何产生这是一个瓶颈现象，（c）延长工作时间可能导致性能下降，但与练习和自动化相关的任务性能也会得到改善，并且（d）任务切换可以减轻疲劳，但在精神上可能会造成很大的成本。这项研究描述了两个尖峰突变模型，这些模型对于分离工作负荷和疲劳性能现象非常有用，并探讨了任务切换和多任务在两种性能现象中的作用。在实验中，有105名大学生在以下四个实验条件之一下完成了七次基于计算机的任务：完全交替执行的任务，首先执行与多任务模块聚合的任务，最后执行与多任务模块聚合的任务，以及参与者选择任务的顺序他们自己。结果支持两个尖峰模型，以便疲劳效果在具有较高记忆力或注意力需求的任务上更强，并且常常被练习效果抵消。在大多数情况下，拼写能力充当补偿变量，而介入的工作量充当分叉变量。对于认知工作负载，在单任务和多任务之间注意到了性能的灾难性变化，其中相对困难的是，单个任务充当负载（不对称）变量，而灵活任务排序条件充当分叉变量。

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