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首页> 外文期刊>Nonlinear dynamics, psychology and life sciences >American Coot Collective On-water Dynamics
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American Coot Collective On-water Dynamics

机译：美国白骨顶集体水动力学

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摘要

American coot (Fulica americana) flocks exhibit water surface (two-dimensional) collective dynamics that oscillate between two primary phases: a disordered phase of low density and non-uniform coot body orientations; a synchronized phase characterized by high density, uniform body orientations and speed. For this small-scale study, data was obtained for flocks of 10 to ～ 250 members for these phases. Approximate durations of phase occurrences were recorded for different flock sizes and for both relatively calm and severe weather conditions. Results indicate that for timed durations of up to ～ 2 hours, small flocks (10 coots) exhibit a comparatively high disordered/synchronized phase ratio (PR) in relatively warm and well-sheltered conditions (substantially >1); large flocks (～100 or more) generally exhibit a PR near 1, while large flocks spend comparatively more time in a disordered phase in relatively calm conditions (PR somewhat >1), and spend more time in a synchronized phase during severe conditions (PR < 1). Data suggests a correlation between flock size and PR; and weather conditions and PR, whereby coupling principles driving on-water collective behavior include energy-savings and thermoregulation. Secondary phases occur, including expanding circle and sequential short distance flight, near-single-file lines, convex and concave arcs, among others.
机译：美国白骨（Fulica americana）群表现出水面（二维）集体动力学，该动态在两个主要阶段之间振荡：低密度的无序阶段和不均匀的白骨体取向；以高密度，均匀的身体朝向和速度为特征的同步阶段。对于该小型研究，获得了这些阶段10至〜250个成员的羊群数据。对于不同的鸡群大小以及相对平静和恶劣的天气条件，记录了相发生的大致持续时间。结果表明，在长达2小时的定时时间内，小鸡群（10个老傻瓜）在相对温暖和良好的庇护条件下（基本上> 1）表现出相对较高的无序/同步相比（PR）。大群（约100或更多）通常显示PR接近1，而大群在相对平静的条件下（PR略大于1）在无序阶段花费相对更多的时间，而在严重条件下（PR则在同步阶段）花费更多的时间<1）。数据表明，鸡群大小与公关之间存在相关性。以及天气条件和PR，驱动水上集体行为的耦合原理包括节能和温度调节。次生阶段发生，包括扩大的圆和连续的短距离飞行，近单锉线，凸弧和凹弧等。

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