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A critical view of the Blue Flag beaches in Spain using environmental variables

机译：使用环境变量对西班牙蓝旗海滩的看法

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摘要

Over the past years, a growing environmental awareness in our society has run parallel with the development and implementation of environmental management systems in tourism destinations. The Blue Flag classification system for beach coastal systems tries to justify environmental quality, even when these areas have long lost their geomorphological and ecologic features. The aim of this project is to test if the Blue Flag management system really ensures an improvement of environmental and natural features of beaches, or if they are just a mechanism for improving the services and benefits to users. Thus, 481 beaches of the Spanish coastline awarded with a Blue Flag have been analyzed over the period 2007 -2012 using different environmental variables. ACP and Cluster (Bray Curtis similarity) analysis show that the beaches are not characterized for their naturalness; instead they show high levels of human influence and artificialization. The concession of Blue Flag award is strictly focused on services offered to the users of the beach, and they do not take in account environmental and ecological issues related to the behavior of beaches as natural and fragile systems.
机译：在过去的几年中，我们社会日益增长的环境意识与旅游目的地环境管理系统的开发和实施并行。即使这些地区早已失去了地貌和生态特征，海滩沿海系统的蓝旗分类系统仍试图证明环境质量的合理性。该项目的目的是测试“蓝旗”管理系统是否确实确保改善了海滩的环境和自然特征，或者它们仅仅是改善服务质量和为用户带来收益的一种机制。因此，在2007年至2012年期间，使用不同的环境变量对西班牙海岸线上的481个海滩授予了蓝旗标志。 ACP和聚类（布雷·柯蒂斯相似性）分析表明，这些海滩没有自然特征。相反，它们表现出很高的人类影响力和人为化程度。蓝旗奖的特许经营严格地集中在向海滩用户提供的服务上，他们没有考虑与海滩作为自然和脆弱系统的行为有关的环境和生态问题。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2015年第3期|106-115|共10页
  • 作者

    M. Mir-Gual; G.X. Pons; J.A. Martin-Prieto; A. Rodriguez-Perea;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7,5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;

    Department of Earth Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7,5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;

    Department of Earth Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7,5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;

    Department of Earth Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7,5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Spain; Blue Flags; 481 beaches; Marketing; Geo-environmental;

    机译：西班牙;蓝旗;481个海滩;市场营销;地质环境;

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