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The Saemangeum Reclamation Project and politics of regionalism in South Korea

机译：大韩民国开垦计划与韩国的区域主义政治

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摘要

The Saemangeum Reclamation Project (SRP) was launched shortly before South Korea's 1987 presidential election, which is generally accepted as the turning point from authoritarian regimes to democracy. The SRP began as an election-time pledge given by unpopular authoritarian elites, who appropriated the SRP to garner votes in the underdeveloped Jeolla provinces in the southwest. Astonishingly, this enormous, state-led project was implemented, without any elaboration or budget plan, and despite strong public and government opposition. The present paper attempts to elucidate that the agenda-setting, policy enforcement, and project implementation of the SRP can be explained through: 1) political processes, 2) interplays between the institutional politics of different political parties and non-institutional politics of social actors, and 3) interactions between political regionalism and developmentalism. Several observations can be made: 1) The SRP has been placed at the center of several elections, which have bridged political desires for power, regional interests in development, and the public's environmental consciousness. 2) Institutional politicians have attempted to translate the SRP into votes by stimulating desires to develop the Jeolla region, whereas the non-institutional politics of social actors attempted to nullify the project by raising environmental consciousness. 3) Political pork-barreling has promoted and exploited patterned regional voting with the promise of developing the Jeolla region into a hypermodern center of East Asia through the SRP. Metamorphosis of the project from the reclamation of rice fields to the development of an "East Asian Dubai" reveals the developmentalism and associated regionalism in Korean politics.
机译：大韩民国开垦计划（SRP）在韩国1987年总统大选前不久启动，这被普遍认为是从专制政权转向民主的转折点。 SRP最初是由不受欢迎的专制精英提供的选举时承诺，他们批准SRP在西南部欠发达的全罗省赢得选票。令人惊讶的是，尽管没有受到公众和政府的强烈反对，但这项由国家主导的庞大项目得以实施，而没有任何详尽的计划或预算计划。本文试图阐明可以通过以下方式解释SRP的议程设置，政策执行和项目实施：1）政治过程，2）不同政党的制度政治与社会行为者的非制度政治之间的相互作用，以及3）政治区域主义与发展主义之间的互动。可以得出以下几点结论：1）SRP被置于几次选举的中心，这些选举弥合了政治上对权力的渴望，发展中的地区利益以及公众的环境意识。 2）机构政治家试图通过激发发展全罗地区的愿望将SRP转换为选票，而社会行为者的非机构政治试图通过提高环境意识来使该计划无效。 3）政治上的桶装运动促进和利用了模式的区域投票，并有望通过SRP将全罗地区发展成为东亚的超现代中心。从开垦稻田到发展“东亚迪拜”，该项目的变态揭示了朝鲜政治中的发展主义和相关的区域主义。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2014年第12期|594-603|共10页
  • 作者

    Tae-Soo Song; Min-Suk Yang; Chong Su Kim;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Law in Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, South Korea;

    Center for General Education, Ewha Womans University, South Korea,B323-2 Ewha Campus Complex (ECC), 52 Ewhayeodaegil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, South Korea;

    Department of Political Science, University of Victoria, Canada;

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