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Oyster reef restoration in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Extent, methods and outcomes

机译：墨西哥湾北部牡蛎礁的恢复：范围，方法和成果

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Shellfish reef restoration to support ecological services has become more common in recent decades, driven by increasing awareness of the functional decline of shellfish systems. Maximizing restoration benefits and increasing efficiency of shellfish restoration activities would greatly benefit from understanding and measurement of system responses to management activities. This project (1) compiles a database of northern Gulf of Mexico inshore artificial oyster reefs created for restoration purposes, and (2) quantitatively assesses a subset of reefs to determine project outcomes. We documented 259 artificial inshore reefs created for ecological restoration. Information on reef material, reef design and monitoring was located for 94, 43 and 20% of the reefs identified. To quantify restoration success, we used diver surveys to quantitatively sample oyster density and substrate volume of 11 created reefs across the coast (7 with rock; 4 with shell), paired with 7 historic reefs. Reefs were defined as fully successful if there were live oysters, and partially successful if there was hard substrate. Of these created reefs, 73% were fully successful, while 82% were partially successful. These data highlight that critical information related to reef design, cost, and success remain difficult to find and are generally inaccessible or lost, ultimately hindering efforts to maximize restoration success rates. Maintenance of reef creation information data, development of standard reef performance measures, and inclusion of material and reef design testing within reef creation projects would be highly beneficial in implementing adaptive management. Adaptive management protocols seek specifically to maximize short and long-term restoration success, but are critically dependent on tracking and measuring system responses to management activities.
机译：在近几十年来，随着人们对贝类系统功能下降的认识日益增强，为支持生态服务而进行的贝类礁恢复已经变得越来越普遍。最大限度地提高恢复效益并提高贝类恢复活动的效率，将大大受益于对管理活动的系统反应的了解和衡量。该项目（1）汇编了为恢复目的而创建的墨西哥湾北部近海人工牡蛎礁数据库，并且（2）定量评估了一部分礁石以确定项目结果。我们记录了为生态修复而创建的259个人工近海礁石。有关已确定的94％，43％和20％的珊瑚礁的珊瑚礁材料，珊瑚礁设计和监测信息。为了量化恢复成功的程度，我们使用了潜水员调查来定量采样沿海岸创建的11个珊瑚礁的牡蛎密度和底物体积（7个岩石； 4个贝壳）以及7个历史礁石。如果有活生蚝，礁石被定义为完全成功，如果有坚硬的底物，则礁石被定义为部分成功。在这些造礁中，有73％完全成功，而82％部分成功。这些数据表明，与珊瑚礁设计，成本和成功有关的关键信息仍然很难找到，并且通常难以获得或丢失，最终阻碍了最大程度地恢复修复成功率的努力。维护礁石创造信息数据，制定标准礁石性能指标以及在礁石创造项目中纳入材料和礁石设计测试将对实施适应性管理非常有益。自适应管理协议专门寻求最大限度地提高短期和长期恢复成功率，但关键取决于跟踪和衡量系统对管理活动的响应。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2014年第3期|20-28|共9页
  • 作者

    Megan La Peyre; Jessica Furlong; Laura A. Brown; Bryan P. Piazza; Ken Brown;

  • 作者单位

    U.S. Geological Survey, Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;

    School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;

    Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;

    The Nature Conservancy, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA;

    Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;

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