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Coastal management in South Africa: Historical perspectives and setting the stage of a new era

机译：南非的沿海管理：历史观点和新时代的舞台

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摘要

The coastal environment represents a critical interface of human activity, socio-economic influence and ecological diversity. It is estimated that the coastal environment supports some 30% of the world's population and provides a range of social and economic benefits. Use of the coastal environment is ever increasing due to its attractiveness for recreation and leisure actives, holiday homes and retirement. As a result, the coastal environment is constantly under pressure and management actions, policies and legislation need to ensure the protection of this unique environment. South Africa is considered to be the third most biodiverse country in the world, largely linked to coastal and marine diversity with a number of Marine Protected Areas (MPA). This rich biodiversity needs to be carefully managed while also meeting the needs of South Africans with regards to access to coastal and marine resources. To date management of the South African coast has been governed by various statutes and access to the coast and its resources has been affected by historical spatial planning and socio-political conditions. To facilitate a more holistic management the newly promulgated Integrated Coastal Management Act (Act 24 of 2008) is an attempt to better manage coastal resources to protect coastal assets and functionality. The ICM Act is inherently dynamic, attempting to tackle the interlinked problems of coastal development and conservation. However, to ensure implementation, capacity challenges and historical fragmented governance structures need to be addressed.
机译：沿海环境是人类活动，社会经济影响和生态多样性的关键界面。据估计，沿海环境为世界上约30％的人口提供了支持，并提供了一系列社会和经济利益。由于海岸环境对休闲娱乐活动，度假屋和退休生活的吸引力，其使用在不断增加。结果，沿海环境一直处于压力之下，管理行动，政策和立法需要确保对这一独特环境的保护。南非被认为是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国家，在很大程度上与沿海和海洋多样性相关联，并拥有许多海洋保护区（MPA）。需要认真管理这一丰富的生物多样性，同时还要满足南非人在获取沿海和海洋资源方面的需求。迄今为止，南非海岸的管理已受到各种法规的约束，进入海岸及其资源已受到历史空间规划和社会政治条件的影响。为了促进更全面的管理，新颁布的《沿海综合管理法》（2008年第24号法案）试图更好地管理沿海资源，以保护沿海资产和功能。 《 ICM法案》具有内在的动态性，试图解决沿海发展与保护的相互联系的问题。但是，为了确保实施，需要解决能力挑战和历史分散的治理结构。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2014年第4期|32-40|共9页
  • 作者

    Bronwyn J. Goble; Melissa Lewis; Trevor R. Hill; Mike R. Phillips;

  • 作者单位

    Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa;

    Honorary Research Fellow, School of Law, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa;

    Discipline of Geography, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;

    Built and Natural Environment, Faculty of Applied Design and Engineering, Swansea Metropolitan University, United Kingdom;

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