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Relevance of temporal and spatial variability for monitoring the microbiological water quality in an urban bathing area

机译：监测城市沐浴区微生物水质时空变化的相关性

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摘要

The microbiological quality of bathing waters is a fundamental concern for the use of bathing areas. Although the present European Bathing Directive (2006/7/EC) broke new ground in what monitoring, harmonized methods and practices of analysis are concerned, several questions remain unanswered. This study investigated the variation of fecal indicator bacteria of an urban beach area at different spatial and temporal scales. Intensive hourly and spatial sampling was conducted during the most crowded months of the bathing season in order to identify major pollution sources and their influence on the bathing water quality. Temporal variations explained approximately 76% of the overall variability, emphasizing the importance of sample retrieval timing, but also regional events in obtaining reliable results. Although spatial variation explained only 24% of the total variability, it highlighted the fact that the physical and hydrodynamic characteristics of adjacent beach areas, as well as the magnitude of various local inputs also may decisively influence the overall water quality. As a result, small-scale variations of water quality should be identified and accounted when designing the bathing water profiles required by the Directive 2006/7/ EC. In order to reduce the public health threats posed by pollution events, water monitoring programs should be planned to be beach specific, especially in areas where these events are more likely to occur.
机译：沐浴水的微生物质量是使用沐浴区的根本问题。尽管当前的《欧洲沐浴指令》（2006/7 / EC）在监测，统一分析方法和实践方面开辟了新局面，但仍有一些问题尚未得到解答。这项研究调查了粪便指示细菌在不同时空尺度下城市海滩地区的变化。在沐浴季节最拥挤的月份进行了每小时和密集的采样，以识别主要污染源及其对沐浴水质量的影响。时间变化解释了大约76％的总体变化，强调了样本检索时间的重要性，同时也强调了获得可靠结果的区域性事件。尽管空间变化仅解释了总变化的24％，但它强调了一个事实，即邻近海滩区的物理和水动力特性以及各种本地投入的大小也可能对整个水质产生决定性影响。因此，在设计2006/7 / EC指令要求的沐浴水剖面时，应识别并考虑水质的小范围变化。为了减少污染事件对公共健康的威胁，应将水监测计划计划为针对海滩的，尤其是在这些事件更可能发生的地区。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2014年第4期|41-49|共9页
  • 作者

    Eva Amorim; Sandra Ramos; Adriano A. Bordalo;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Edificio 1, Piso 4, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal,Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal;

    Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal;

    Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Edificio 1, Piso 4, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal,Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal;

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