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Fisheries refugia: a novel approach to integrating fisheries and habitat management in the context of small-scale fishing pressure

机译：渔业避难所：在小规模捕捞压力下融合渔业和栖息地管理的新方法

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摘要

Fisheries of the South China Sea, including the Gulf of Thailand, are characterised by high levels of small-scale fishing effort. Increasing fishing pressure, coupled with continued decline in the expanse and quality of coastal habitats critical to the life-cycles of most species, has raised serious concerns regarding the long-term sustainability of Southeast Asian fisheries. This paper reviews the development of a UNEP/ GEF South China Sea Project initiative to address the regional need to improve the integration of fisheries and habitat management. The concept of fisheries refugia was developed as a novel approach to the identification and designation of priority areas in which to integrate fisheries and habitat management in the context of high and increasing levels of small-scale fishing pressure in the South China Sea. Specific regional, national and local actions in establishing a regional system of fisheries refugia are outlined and discussed in terms of the effectiveness of the refugia concept in overcoming barriers to integrated management. The fisheries refugia approach is shown to provide an adequate platform for building partnerships and enhancing communication between the environment and fisheries sectors. The refugia concept also appears to be a successful approach in addressing a significant barrier to the integration of fisheries and habitat management, namely the adverse reaction to the Marine Protected Area concept that is elicited from fishing communities and fisheries officers at the local and provincial levels. It is anticipated that the experiences gained from this novel approach to the use of spatial management tools in fisheries management will be suitable for scaling-up in the South China Sea and replication in other aquatic habitats. This experience is considered important because of the potential global fisheries and biodiversity conservation benefits associated with effective fisheries and habitat management at the local level. This is particularly relevant in Southeast Asia where the contribution of fisheries to food security and the maintenance and improvement of the livelihoods of coastal fishing communities is so substantial.
机译：包括泰国湾在内的南中国海渔业的特点是小规模捕捞工作量很大。日益增加的捕捞压力，以及对大多数物种的生命周期至关重要的沿海生境的广度和质量的持续下降，引起了人们对东南亚渔业长期可持续性的严重关切。本文回顾了联合国环境署/全球环境基金南中国海项目倡议的制定情况，以解决该地区改善渔业和生境管理一体化的需求。渔业避难所概念的发展是一种新颖的方法，用于确定和指定优先领域，在南中国海小规模捕捞压力不断增加的情况下，将渔业和生境管理相结合。根据避难概念在克服综合管理障碍方面的有效性，概述和讨论了建立渔业避难所区域系统的具体区域，国家和地方行动。事实证明，渔业避难所方法为建立伙伴关系和加强环境与渔业部门之间的交流提供了适当的平台。避难所概念似乎也是解决渔业和生境管理一体化的重大障碍的成功方法，即对地方和省级捕鱼社区和渔业官员提出的对海洋保护区概念的不利反应。预计从这种在渔业管理中使用空间管理工具的新颖方法获得的经验将适合在南中国海扩大规模并在其他水生生境中复制。人们认为这种经验很重要，因为与地方一级有效的渔业和栖息地管理相关的潜在全球渔业和生物多样性保护效益。这在东南亚尤为重要，在东南亚，渔业对粮食安全以及维护和改善沿海捕捞社区生计的贡献如此巨大。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2013年第ptab期|214-229|共16页
  • 作者

    Christopher J. Paterson; John C. Pernetta; Somboon Siraraksophon; Yasuhisa Kato; Noel C. Barut; Pirochana Saikliang; Ouk Vibol; Phaik Ean Chee; Thi Trang Nhung Nguyen; Nilanto Perbowo; Trian Yunanda; Nygiel B. Armada;

  • 作者单位

    South China Sea Project Coordinating Unit, United Nations Building, UN ESCAP, Ratchadamnoen-Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand,GEF Pacific IWRM Project Coordinating Unit, Secretariat of the Pacific Community. Mead Road. Fiji;

    Policy and Programme Coordinator, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Suraswadi Building, Kasetsart University Campus,Bangkok J0903, Thailand 135/323 Yingrouwes Niwet, Bangtalad, Pak Kret, Nonthaburi 11120, Thailand;

    Center for International Planning, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan;

    National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Department of Agriculture, Corporate 101 Bldg, 101 Mother Ignacia St., South Triangle,Quezon City 1103, Philippines;

    Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Phahoyotin Road, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;

    Department of Fisheries Conservation, Fisheries Administration, 186 Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;

    34 Lintang Pekata Dua, 11700 Celugor, Penang, Malaysia;

    Department of Science, Technology and International Cooperation, Fisheries Administration, 10 Nguyen Cong Hoan, Hanoi, Viet Nam;

    Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia;

    Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia;

    Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvests (FISH) Project, Cebu City, Philippines;

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