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Tsunami in the Seychelles: Assessing mitigation mechanisms

机译：塞舌尔海啸：评估缓解机制

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A spatial statistical model determining the possible tsunami impact mitigation by coastal vegetation developed after the December 2004 earthquake event for Aceh, Indonesia, was adapted and tested under the conditions of the Seychelles in the western Indian Ocean to find out whether comparable protective effects of vegetation existed. The waves generated at the three main populated islands, Mahe, Praslin and La Digue averaged less than 2 m at the shoreline allowing assessment of effects of vegetation in mitigating impact of a low intensity tsunami event. Semi structured interviews with local witnesses of the event, field measurements of local features, as well as secondary data sources provided information on wave height at the shoreline, landscape characteristics as well as tsunami impacts inland, i.e. structural damage and maximum flood distance. Observation points at maximum flood distance and where damage occurred were geo-located and entered into a CIS. Vegetation density and resistance coefficients were determined on site and their spatial distribution through visual interpretation of Google Earth® pre tsunami imagery. Data was analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model, acknowledging the spatial distribution of data. As for Aceh, the results indicated that distance from the settlement to the shoreline was the most important factor to avoid adverse tsunami effects. In contrast to Aceh, a direct effect of coastal vegetation was not observed (p ＞ 0.05). A significant protective effect, however, was apparent through sand dunes, stabilized by vegetation, reducing damage to buildings by up to 30% where initial water height at shoreline was 3 m. Maximum flood distance was not affected by sand dunes but was reduced (p = 0.013) by existing seawalls. A coastal planning that encompasses the promotion and protection of multi-use coastal vegetation, i.e. generating income through tourism, providing food products and protecting natural physical barriers is encouraged in order to enhance local resilience against natural wave events such as those of the 2004 tsunami.
机译：在印度洋西部塞舌尔群岛的条件下，采用并测试了确定印度尼西亚2004年12月地震事件后开发的确定沿海植被可能缓解海啸影响的空间统计模型，以查明是否存在类似的植被保护作用。在三个主要人口密集的岛屿马埃岛，普拉兰岛和拉迪格岛，海岸线产生的波浪平均不到2 m，可以评估植被对减轻低强度海啸事件的影响。对事件现场见证人的半结构化访谈，局部特征的野外测量以及辅助数据源提供了有关海岸线波高，景观特征以及海啸对内陆的影响的信息，即结构破坏和最大洪水距离。将最大洪水距离处和发生损坏的观察点放在地理位置上，并输入到CIS中。通过对GoogleEarth®海啸前图像的视觉解释，在现场确定了植被密度和阻力系数及其空间分布。使用广义线性混合模型分析数据，确认数据的空间分布。至于亚齐省，结果表明，从定居点到海岸线的距离是避免海啸不利影响的最重要因素。与亚齐相反，未观察到沿海植被的直接影响（p＞ 0.05）。然而，通过沙丘可以明显地起到保护作用，沙丘由植被稳定，在海岸线初始水高为3 m的情况下，对建筑物的破坏最多可减少30％。最大洪水距离不受沙丘影响，但现有海堤降低了最大洪水距离（p = 0.013）。鼓励制定包括促进和保护多用途沿海植被的沿海规划，即通过旅游业创收，提供食品和保护自然的自然屏障，以增强当地抵抗自然浪事件（例如2004年海啸）的能力。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2013年第12期|42-52|共11页
  • 作者

    J.C. Laso Bayas; C. Marohn; G. Cadisch;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University ofHohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany;

    Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University ofHohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany;

    Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University ofHohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany;

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