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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >The limited role salt marshes may have in buffering extreme storm surge events: Case study on the New Jersey shore
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The limited role salt marshes may have in buffering extreme storm surge events: Case study on the New Jersey shore

机译：盐沼在缓冲极端风暴潮事件中可能发挥的作用有限：新泽西州海岸的案例研究

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摘要

The hybrid hurricane and storm event dubbed "SuperStorm Sandy" of October 2012 was the most costly natural disaster to hit the US Atlantic coast, and the second most costly to affect the United States. This extreme weather event presented an excellent opportunity to assess the effectiveness of tidal salt marshes and maritime forests in buffering adjacent development from storm-related damage. To address this question of how well did or under what conditions did coastal ecosystems buffer adjacent human development, we undertook to quantify the incremental monetary value that a hectare or linear extent of fronting salt marsh and/or maritime forest had on protecting the built environment of the back-bay communities in the Barnegat Bay region of New Jersey, USA. Statistical modeling was used to estimate the relationship between the spatial extent and characteristics of fronting coastal wetlands with the various damage metrics derived from the Federal Emergency Management Agency National Flood Insurance Program payout and Preliminary Property Modeling Task Force damage data at the scale of the individual housing unit. While salt marshes may be effective in diminishing wave energies and buffering adjacent development under normal conditions, in the case of SuperStorrn Sandy, we find no evidence that New Jersey's extensive coastal marshes significantly buffered and thereby reduced NFIP payouts on the majority of back-bay residential properties. The extreme conditions of this storm event with storm surges upwards of 2 m, effectively flooded these marshes diminishing their protective capacity. The bulk of the residential properties damaged in our study area were located in lagoonal communities that are built directly adjacent to tidal water and are thereby highly vulnerable to storm surge-related flooding whether or not they are buffered by adjacent marshes. The results of this study should not be misconstrued in concluding that salt marshes do not have a positive value in protecting coastal properties; rather, their protective buffering capacity for extreme storm events is limited and that lagoonal-style developments remain highly vulnerable to sea level rise and future storms.
机译：2012年10月被称为“超级风暴桑迪”的飓风和风暴混合事件是袭击美国大西洋沿岸的最昂贵的自然灾害，也是影响美国的第二大最严重的自然灾害。这次极端天气事件为评估潮汐盐沼和海洋森林在缓冲邻近地区免受风暴相关破坏的影响方面提供了绝佳的机会。为了解决沿海生态系统在多大程度上或在何种条件下能缓冲邻近的人类发展的问题，我们承诺量化前缘盐沼和/或海洋森林的公顷或线性范围对保护人类的建筑环境所产生的增量货币价值。美国新泽西州Barnegat湾地区的后湾社区。统计建模被用来估计前沿沿海湿地的空间范围与特征之间的关系，以及从联邦紧急事务管理局国家洪水保险计划支出和初步财产建模特别工作组在单个房屋范围内的破坏数据得出的各种破坏指标。单元。虽然盐沼可能在正常情况下可以有效减少波浪能并缓冲相邻的发育，但在SuperStorrn Sandy的情况下，我们找不到证据表明新泽西州广泛的沿海沼泽得到了显着缓冲，从而减少了大多数后海湾居民的NFIP支出。属性。该风暴事件的极端条件是风暴潮超过2 m，有效地淹没了这些沼泽，削弱了它们的防护能力。在我们的研究区域中，大部分受损的住宅物业都位于泻湖社区内，这些泻湖社区紧邻潮汐水而建，因此无论是否受到相邻沼泽的缓冲，它们都极易遭受与风暴潮相关的洪水的袭击。不应误认为本研究的结果是盐沼在保护沿海财产方面没有积极的价值。相反，它们在极端风暴事件中的保护性缓冲能力是有限的，泻湖式的开发仍然极易受到海平面上升和未来风暴的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2019年第8期|104803.1-104803.9|共9页
  • 作者

    Lathrop Richard G. Jr.; Irving William; Seneca Joseph J.; Trimble James; Sacatelli Rachael M.;

  • 作者单位

    Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Remote Sensing & Spatial Anal, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA;

    Rutgers State Univ, Bloustein Sch Planning & Policy, 33 Livingston Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA;

    Rutgers State Univ, Bloustein Sch Planning & Policy, 33 Livingston Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA;

    Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Remote Sensing & Spatial Anal, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA;

    Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Remote Sensing & Spatial Anal, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA;

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