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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Effective co-management and long-term reef fish recovery from severe coral bleaching: Insights from Misali Island, PECCA, Tanzania
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Effective co-management and long-term reef fish recovery from severe coral bleaching: Insights from Misali Island, PECCA, Tanzania

机译：通过严重的珊瑚褪色有效地进行共同管理并从长远角度恢复珊瑚鱼：坦桑尼亚佩卡省米萨利岛的见解

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摘要

Misali, an uninhabited islet along the east coast of Pemba Island off the mainland Tanzanian coast, is a biodiversity hotspot and Marine Protected Area (MPA), consisting of a core non-extraction zone (NEZ) surrounded by a larger area where some artisanal fishing is allowed. Within a year of receiving official protection under a co-management agreement, the island underwent a catastrophic bleaching event in 1998, and funding and enforcement in the protected area have been inconsistent since a restructuring of management in 2006. In this study, we investigate current health of the island's fish community, and report 186 observed fish species. We estimate that, including unseen species and those outside the study area, the total species richness may be comparable to the historical baseline of 244 species; however, this represents a decline from the 270 species estimated in 2001 and the 350 species observed in 2004, after several years of successful protections. Patterns of species richness over time likely reflect changes in management effectiveness and engagement of Misali's fishing communities. Diversity of indicator (Chaetodontidae) and keystone (Scarinae) taxa were comparable to historical levels and greatest inside the NEZ, suggesting continued reef health and resilience. However, we found no other significant differences between fish communities inside and outside the NEZ, which observations indicate is poorly enforced, and the disproportionate loss of large predatory fish species may indicate overfishing. The case study of Misali suggests that a temporary reduction in fishing pressure while the island was recovering from a severe bleaching event may have had long-lasting benefits for reef health and resilience. For future management, we recommend consideration of species-specific protections, a possible re-designation of NEZ boundaries to include more unique habitat types, and reintegration of local fishing communities into MPA co-management.
机译：Misali是坦桑尼亚大陆沿岸Pemba岛东海岸无人居住的小岛，是生物多样性热点和海洋保护区（MPA），由核心非提取区（NEZ）组成，周围是较大的区域，其中一些手工捕鱼被允许。在根据共同管理协议获得官方保护的一年内，该岛于1998年经历了灾难性的漂白事件，自2006年管理层重组以来，保护区的资金和执法一直不稳定。在本研究中，我们调查了当前岛上鱼类群落的健康状况，并报告了186种观察到的鱼类。我们估计，包括未发现的物种和研究区域外的物种在内，总物种丰富度可能与244种的历史基线相当。但是，经过几年的成功保护，这比2001年估计的270种和2004年观察到的350种有所下降。随着时间的流逝，物种丰富度的模式可能反映了管理效率的变化和Misali捕鱼社区的参与。指示物（Chaetodontidae）和基石（Scarinae）类群的多样性与历史水平相当，并且在NEZ内部最大，表明珊瑚礁健康和弹性不断。但是，我们发现NEZ内外的鱼类群落之间没有其他显着差异，这表明执行不力，大型掠食性鱼类的不成比例损失可能表明过度捕捞。 Misali的案例研究表明，在该岛从严重的漂白事件中恢复过来的过程中，暂时降低捕鱼压力可能对珊瑚礁的健康和复原力具有长期的益处。对于未来的管理，我们建议考虑对特定物种的保护，可能重新指定NEZ边界以包括更多独特的栖息地类型，以及将当地捕鱼社区重新纳入MPA共同管理。

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