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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Effective co-management and long-term reef fish recovery from severe coral bleaching: Insights from Misali Island, PECCA, Tanzania
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Effective co-management and long-term reef fish recovery from severe coral bleaching: Insights from Misali Island, PECCA, Tanzania

机译：严重珊瑚漂白的有效共管理和长期珊瑚礁鱼​​恢复：坦桑尼亚佩卡尼岛的Misali岛洞察力

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摘要

Misali, an uninhabited islet along the east coast of Pemba Island off the mainland Tanzanian coast, is a biodiversity hotspot and Marine Protected Area (MPA), consisting of a core non-extraction zone (NEZ) surrounded by a larger area where some artisanal fishing is allowed. Within a year of receiving official protection under a co-management agreement, the island underwent a catastrophic bleaching event in 1998, and funding and enforcement in the protected area have been inconsistent since a restructuring of management in 2006. In this study, we investigate current health of the island's fish community, and report 186 observed fish species. We estimate that, including unseen species and those outside the study area, the total species richness may be comparable to the historical baseline of 244 species; however, this represents a decline from the 270 species estimated in 2001 and the 350 species observed in 2004, after several years of successful protections. Patterns of species richness over time likely reflect changes in management effectiveness and engagement of Misali's fishing communities. Diversity of indicator (Chaetodontidae) and keystone (Scarinae) taxa were comparable to historical levels and greatest inside the NEZ, suggesting continued reef health and resilience. However, we found no other significant differences between fish communities inside and outside the NEZ, which observations indicate is poorly enforced, and the disproportionate loss of large predatory fish species may indicate overfishing. The case study of Misali suggests that a temporary reduction in fishing pressure while the island was recovering from a severe bleaching event may have had long-lasting benefits for reef health and resilience. For future management, we recommend consideration of species-specific protections, a possible re-designation of NEZ boundaries to include more unique habitat types, and reintegration of local fishing communities into MPA co-management.
机译：Misali是坦桑尼亚海岸的普米巴岛东海岸的无人居住的岛屿，是一种生物多样性热点和海洋保护区（MPA），由核心非提取区（内华德）组成，周围环绕着一些手工捕鱼的较大区域被允许。在一年内接受共同管理协议的官方保护，该岛在1998年接受了灾难性的漂白活动，自2006年管理层重组以来，保护区的资金和执法一直不一致。在本研究中，我们调查当前岛屿的鱼群的健康，并报告186名观察鱼类。我们估计，包括看不见的物种和研究区以外的人，总物种丰富性可能与244种的历史基线相媲美;然而，这代表了2001年估计的270种和2004年观察到的350种，经过几年的成功保护。随着时间的推移，物种丰富的模式可能反映了Misali渔业的管理效果和参与的变化。指标（Chaetodontidae）和Keystone（Scarinae）分类群的多样性与尼斯内部的历史层面和最大的群体相当，旨在持续的珊瑚礁健康和恢复力。然而，我们发现NEZ内外的鱼群之间没有其他显着差异，观察结果表明是强迫性急剧性，并且大掠食性鱼类的不成比例的损失可能表明过度捕捞。对MISALI的案例研究表明，岛屿从严重的漂白事件中恢复的同时暂时降低钓鱼压力可能对珊瑚礁健康和恢复能力持久益处。对于未来的管理，我们建议审议物种特定的保护，可能重新指定尼斯边界，包括更独特的栖息地类型，以及当地渔业社区的重新融入MPA共同管理。

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