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Assessment of selected climate change adaptation measures for coastal areas

机译：评估沿海地区所选气候变化适应措施

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Climate change and its impacts are already perceptible in many parts of the world and coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to these changes. To address issues arising in the Aquitaine region (south-west France, now administratively part of Nouvelle-Aquitaine), we listed possible measures for adaptation to climate change impacts at the regional level and focussing on coastal hazards. Then we assessed their effectiveness with respect to long-term climate change and to the coastal management practices they are designed for. The assessment is independent of the local context and is therefore valid in most coastal areas.For this purpose, we conducted a review of the literature to select 51 measures that are potentially applicable to the Aquitaine coast. We then classified these measures combining two approaches. The first was based on the regional management practices applied by the GIP Littoral Aquitain (a public interest group for coastal management in Nouvelle-Aquitaine) while the second drew on the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change) classification based on the physical-environmental, socio-economic or institutional characteristics of adaptation measures. In parallel, ten criteria were defined to assess the current and future efficiency of the measure independently of the local context. Finally, by providing an assessment of the adaptation measures using nine of these criteria, this method allowed objective and easy comparisons between measures.The results were analysed taking each criterion independently and also through a multi-criteria analysis. Overall, the measures performed well against all the binary criteria except "self-sufficiency" and "synergy with mitigation". The more detailed analysis of the results highlight the main characteristics of the measures applied in each management approach. The multi-criteria analysis identified a set of essential measures for adaptation to coastal risks in the context of climate change. 19 measures were rated at once as "no regrets", "robust" and "reversible/flexible". In general, the study shows that there are many short and medium term possibilities for adaptation (2030-2050, 2080-2100) and emphasises the need to implement some of these as soon as possible. According to our study, measures that generate immediate benefits are overwhelmingly predominant (86%).
机译：气候变化及其影响已经在世界许多地区察觉，沿海地区特别容易受到这些变化的影响。为了解决Aquitaine地区（法国西南，现在的Nouvelle-Aquitaine西南法国）的问题，我们列出了适应气候变化对区域一级的影响和关注沿海危害的可能措施。然后，我们对长期气候变化和他们为设计的沿海管理惯例评估了他们的效力。评估独立于本地背景，因此在大多数沿海地区有效。为此目的，我们对文献进行了审查，以选择可能适用于阿基坦海岸的51项措施。然后，我们分类了两种方法的这些措施。首先是基于GIP Littoral Aquitain（Nouvelle-Aquitaine的沿海管理公共利益小组）应用的区域管理实践，而第二次吸引基于物理环境的IPCC（政府间气候变化专门委员会）分类，适应措施的社会经济或制度特征。并行地，定义了十个标准，以评估措施的当前和未来效率，独立于当地背景。最后，通过提供使用九个标准的适应措施的评估，这种方法允许客观和易于比较措施。结果分析了每个标准，也通过多标准分析进行了各种标准。总体而言，除“自给自足”和“减缓协同作用”之外，这些措施对所有二元标准表现良好。对结果的更详细分析突出了各种管理方法应用措施的主要特征。多标准分析确定了一套适应气候变化背景下的沿海风险的必要措施。 19个措施一次被评为“无悔”，“强大”和“可逆/灵活”。一般来说，该研究表明，适应许多短期和中期可能性（2030-2050,2080-2100），并强调需要尽快实施其中一些。根据我们的研究，产生即时益处的措施绝大多数占主导地位（86％）。

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