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The European Union and Ocean Use Management: The Marine Strategy and the Maritime Policy

机译：欧盟与海洋利用管理：海洋战略与海洋政策

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摘要

Problems resulting from contemporary patterns of ocean use and threats to the viability of the marine environment have led to reconsideration of ocean use governance in a number of states, including the United States, Australia, and Canada. For its part, the European Union has been working on the development of a Marine Strategy to safeguard the environment and a more encompassing Maritime Policy into which the Marine Strategy would be folded. The desired Maritime Policy would reflect a holistic perspective of ocean space, embody an ecosystem-based approach to ocean use management, and provide a broad framework for oceanlcoastal management. As has been seen elsewhere, developing such a governance system is difficult both in terms of conceptualization and, subsequently, in operationalization. The June 2006 European Commission Green Paper on Maritime Policy sets the stage for a year of consultations designed to develop an effective governance system for ocean management. Institutional and policy changes will be needed and it will be necessary to balance the objectives of economic growth and protection of environmental sustainability. This article examines current developments in efforts to devise a coherent and integrated European Union approach to ocean management.
机译：当代海洋利用模式所产生的问题以及对海洋环境生存能力的威胁已导致对包括美国，澳大利亚和加拿大在内的许多州的海洋利用治理进行重新考虑。就其本身而言，欧洲联盟一直在努力制定一项旨在保护环境的海洋战略，以及一项将海洋战略纳入其中的更具包容性的海事政策。理想的海事政策将反映海洋空间的整体观点，体现基于生态系统的海洋利用管理方法，并为海洋沿海管理提供广泛的框架。正如在其他地方看到的那样，在概念化以及随后的运营方面，开发这样的治理系统都是困难的。 2006年6月的欧洲委员会海事政策绿皮书为进行为期一年的磋商奠定了基础，以期建立有效的海洋管理治理体系。将需要进行体制和政策上的改变，并且有必要在经济增长的目标和保护环境的可持续性之间取得平衡。本文探讨了在设计一套协调一致的欧盟海洋管理方法方面的最新进展。

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