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Tidal residual eddies and their effect on water exchange in Puget Sound

机译：普吉特海湾的潮汐残留漩涡及其对水交换的影响

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摘要

Tidal residual eddies are one of the important hydrodynamic features in tidally dominant estuaries and coastal bays, and they could have significant effects on water exchange in a tidal system. This paper presents a modeling study of tides and tidal residual eddies in Puget Sound, a tidally dominant fjord-like estuary in the Pacific Northwest coast, using a three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model. Mechanisms of vorticity generation and asymmetric distribution patterns around an island/headland were analyzed using the dynamic vorticity transfer approach and numerical experiments. Model results of Puget Sound show that a number of large twin tidal residual eddies exist in the Admiralty Inlet because of the presence of major headlands in the inlet. Simulated residual vorticities near the major headlands indicate that the clockwise tidal residual eddy (negative vorticity) is generally stronger than the anticlockwise eddy (positive vorticity) because of the effect of Coriolis force. The effect of tidal residual eddies on water exchange in Puget Sound and its subbasins was evaluated by simulations of dye transport. It was found that the strong transverse variability of residual currents in the Admiralty Inlet results in a dominant seaward transport along the eastern shore and a dominant landward transport along the western shore of the inlet. A similar transport pattern in Hood Canal is caused by the presence of tidal residual eddies near the entrance of the canal. Model results show that tidal residual currents in Whidbey Basin are small in comparison to other subbasins. A large clockwise residual circulation is formed around Vashon Island near entrance of South Sound, which can potentially constrain the water exchange between the Central Basin and South Sound.
机译：潮汐残留涡流是潮汐主导性河口和沿海海湾的重要水动力特征之一，它们可能会对潮汐系统中的水交换产生重大影响。本文使用三维有限体积沿海海洋模型，对太平洋西北海岸潮汐占主导的峡湾状河口普吉特海湾的潮汐和潮汐残留涡流进行了建模研究。使用动态涡度传递方法和数值实验分析了岛屿/岬角周围的涡度产生和不对称分布模式的机制。普吉特海湾的模型结果表明，由于金钟入口处存在大量岬角，因此在金钟入口处存在许多大的双潮汐残留涡流。在主要岬角附近的模拟残留涡度表明，由于科里奥利力的作用，顺时针的潮汐残留涡（负涡度）通常比逆时针的涡（正涡度）强。通过模拟染料迁移评估了潮汐残留涡对普吉特海湾及其盆地的水交换的影响。已发现，金钟湾入口处剩余电流的强烈横向变化会导致沿该入口东海岸的主要向海运输和沿该入口西海岸的主要向陆运输。胡德运河的类似运输方式是由于运河入口附近存在潮汐残留涡流引起的。模型结果表明，惠德比盆地的潮汐剩余流比其他子盆地小。在南桑德入口附近的瓦松岛周围形成了一个大的顺时针残留循环，这可能会限制中央盆地和南桑德之间的水交换。

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