Abst'/> Ship squat prediction using a potential flow Rankine source method
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Ship squat prediction using a potential flow Rankine source method

机译：使用势流朗肯源法的船舶下蹲预测

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AbstractA numerical method has been developed for predicting ship squat, with the goal of providing guidance to ship operators for avoidance of grounding in shallow water. The method assumes potential flow, and computations are sufficiently fast to allow evaluation for large numbers of conditions within practical time scales. Boundary conditions on the hull, free surface, and canal walls are satisfied using planar Rankine sources on solid boundaries and point Rankine sources placed a nominal distance above the calm waterline or free surface. Four different models of the free surface boundary condition have been implemented, ranging from a nominally flat free surface to fully nonlinear. For ships with a transom stern, the influence of flow separation is modelled using a virtual stern, which extends afterward from the transom to a location with zero width. The numerical method is generally robust, except for in the vicinity of critical flow conditions. Validation with model tests has been used to develop an envelope for over-prediction of bottom clearance, which can be considered when developing guidance for ship operators.Highlights•An efficient boundary element method has been implemented for prediction of ship squat.•Four different methods are considered, ranging from a double body method to a fully nonlinear method.•Flow potential derivatives are evaluated using direct evaluation of derivatives for potential influence terms.•Approximation of flow around the transom using a narrowing virtual stern is shown to have minimal accuracy on sinkage and trim predictions for a destroyer.•Validation has been performed with experimental data and estimates of bottom clearance overpredictions have been developed.
机译： 摘要 已开发出一种用于预测船舶下蹲的数值方法，目的是为船舶操作者提供指导，以防止他们浅水着陆。该方法假定潜在的流量，并且计算速度足够快，可以在实际时间范围内评估大量条件。船体，自由表面和运河壁的边界条件可通过使用在固体边界上的平面兰金源和在平静水线或自由表面上方标称距离放置的点兰金源来满足。已经实现了四种不同的自由表面边界条件模型，范围从名义上平坦的自由表面到完全非线性。对于带有尾板船的船舶，使用虚拟尾管对流分离的影响进行建模，然后从尾板延伸到宽度为零的位置。数值方法通常很健壮，除了在临界流动条件附近。使用模型测试进行验证可以为过度预测船底间隙提供一个范围，可以在为船舶操作者制定指南时予以考虑。 突出显示 • 已实施了一种有效的边界元方法来预测船舶下蹲。 • 考虑了四种不同的方法，范围从双体方法到完全非线性方法。 • 使用潜在影响项的导数直接评估来评估流量潜在导数。 • 使用缩小的虚拟船尾对横梁周围的流量进行近似 • 已使用实验数据进行了验证，并已开发出底部间隙过高的估计值。 < / ce：list>

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