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Time-frequency analysis of ship wave patterns in shallow water: modelling and experiments

机译：浅水中船舶波型的时频分析：建模与实验

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摘要

A spectrogram of a ship wake is a heat map that visualises the time-dependent frequency spectrum of surface height measurements taken at a single point as the ship travels by. Spectrograms are easy to compute and, if properly interpreted, have the potential to provide crucial information about various properties of the ship in question. Here we use geometrical arguments and analysis of an idealised mathematical model to identify features of spectrograms, concentrating on the effects of a finite-depth channel. Our results depend heavily on whether the flow regime is subcritical or supercritical. To support our theoretical predictions, we compare with data taken from experiments we conducted in a model test basin using a variety of realistic ship hulls. Finally, we note that vessels with a high aspect ratio appear to produce spectrogram data that contains periodic patterns. We can reproduce this behaviour in our mathematical model by using a so-called two-point wavemaker. These results highlight the role of wave interference effects in spectrograms of ship wakes.
机译：船舶尾波的频谱图是一个热图，它可视化了随船驶过时在单个点进行的表面高度测量的时间相关频谱。频谱图易于计算，如果正确解释，则有可能提供有关所讨论船舶的各种特性的关键信息。在这里，我们使用几何参数和对理想化数学模型的分析来确定频谱图的特征，重点关注有限深度通道的影响。我们的结果在很大程度上取决于流动状态是亚临界还是超临界。为了支持我们的理论预测，我们将使用各种现实船体在模型测试盆地中进行的实验数据与实际数据进行比较。最后，我们注意到具有高纵横比的血管似乎会产生包含周期性模式的频谱图数据。我们可以通过使用所谓的两点波发生器在数学模型中重现此行为。这些结果突显了波干扰效应在船舶尾波谱图中的作用。

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