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An experimental technique for evaluating the aerodynamic impact of ship superstructures on helicopter operations

机译：一种评估船舶上部结构对直升机操作的空气动力学影响的实验技术

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摘要

Ship-helicopter operating limits for military frigates and destroyers are often restricted in difficult weather conditions because of excessive pilot workload caused by the ship airwake. Despite the importance of the helicopter as a naval tactical system, there is a scarcity of guidance for naval architects with respect to the aerodynamic impact of ship superstructure designs on helicopter operations. This paper describes an experimental investigation into the potential benefits of some aerodynamic modifications to a model-scale generic ship. A model-scale helicopter with a motored main rotor, mounted on a six-axis force balance, has been used to measure the unsteady forces and moments imposed by the airwake. The helicopter has been held, immersed in the unsteady airwakes of a baseline and modified ship geometries, at important locations through the landing approach path for two oblique starboard wind-over-deck angles. Root-mean-square forces and moments have been derived from the time-histories recorded by the force balance. All the ship modifications were found to significantly reduce root-mean-square forces and moments, compared with the baseline ship geometry. Particularly promising design concepts are a side-flap and a notch modification which both showed consistent improvements of 25-50% in root-mean-square loads, in both wind conditions and through various flight paths.
机译：由于恶劣的天气条件，军用护卫舰和驱逐舰的直升机操作限制通常受到限制，这是由于船舶空中苏醒导致飞行员工作量过多。尽管直升机作为海军战术系统很重要，但对于船舶上层建筑设计对直升机运营的空气动力影响，海军建筑师缺乏指导。本文描述了对模型规模的通用船舶进行空气动力学修改的潜在好处的实验研究。装有电动主旋翼的模型规模的直升机安装在六轴力天平上，用于测量由空中苏醒施加的不稳定力和力矩。直升飞机已通过着陆进场路径在重要位置处沉入基线的不稳定空中行列中，并调整了船体的几何形状，以两个倾斜的右舷甲板上风角度被保持。均方根力和矩是从力平衡记录的时间历史中得出的。与基准船舶几何形状相比，所有船舶改装均显着降低了均方根力和矩。特别有前途的设计概念是侧翼和缺口修改，在风况和通过各种飞行路径的情况下，均显示出均方根载荷持续改善25-50％。

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