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Apparatus and methods

机译：仪器和方法

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Most studies characterize tnicrobial source tracking (MST) target performance using sensitivity and specificity metrics. However, it is important to also consider the temporal stability of MST targets in relation to regulated microbial pollutants. Differences among bacterial target stabilities may lead to erroneous conclusions about sources of contamination. The present study evaluates the relative stability of MST targets and fecal indicator organisms using the gull/pigeon-associated Catellicoccus marimammalium (CAT) marker and enterococci (ENT). The decay rates of CAT and ENT measured by culture (cENT) and QPCR (tENT) were compared in sand and seawater laboratory microcosms under environmentally relevant conditions (subject to tidal wetting versus no wetting in sand, and sunlit versus dark conditions in seawater). Bacterial targets were more persistent in beach sand than in seawater with decay rates on the order of 0.01-0.1 per day and 1 to 10 per day, respectively. Targets were more persistent in unwetted compared to wetted sand, and dark compared to sunlit seawater. During the first 8 days of the sand experiment, the decay rate k of CAT was greater than that of cENT. The decay rates of CAT, tENT, and cENT were similar in sand after day 8 and in dark seawater. In sunlit seawater, the decay rates were different between targets with k_(cENT) ＞ K_(CAT) ＞ k_(tENT). The decay rates presented here are useful for fate and transport models and also inform the use of MST marker concentrations to infer ENT sources in the environment.
机译：大多数研究使用敏感性和特异性指标来表征三尖瓣源跟踪（MST）目标的性能。但是，重要的是还要考虑MST目标物相对于受控微生物污染物的时间稳定性。细菌靶标稳定性之间的差异可能导致有关污染源的错误结论。本研究使用海鸥/鸽子相关的卡特氏球菌（CAT）和肠球菌（ENT）评估了MST靶标和粪便指示生物的相对稳定性。在环境相关条件下（在沙滩中潮汐润湿与不润湿，海水中阳光照射与黑暗条件下），在沙子和海水实验室微观环境中比较了通过培养物（cENT）和QPCR（tENT）测量的CAT和ENT的衰减率。沙滩中的细菌目标比海水中的细菌目标更持久，衰减率分别为每天0.01-0.1和每天1-10。与湿润的沙子相比，目标在未润湿的环境中更具持久性，而在阳光照射的海水中，目标则更为黑暗。在沙土实验的前8天中，CAT的衰减率k大于cENT。在第8天后的沙子和黑暗的海水中，CAT，tENT和cENT的衰减率相似。在日照海水中，目标之间的衰减率不同，k_（cENT）＞ K_（CAT）＞ k_（tENT）。此处介绍的衰减率对于命运和运输模型很有用，也有助于使用MST标记物浓度推断环境中的ENT来源。

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    《Oceanographic Literature Review》 |2015年第9期|2157-2157|共1页
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