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Ocean Acidification Science Needs for Natural Resource Managers of the North American West Coast

机译：海洋酸化科学对北美西海岸自然资源管理者的需求

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Natural circulation patterns along the west coast of North America periodically draw subthermocline, low pH waters into shallow coastal areas. The presence of corrosive, low pH waters, caused by ocean acidification (OA), is frequently observed along the North American west coast. Reduction of global atmospheric CO, inputs is the appropriate management focus for decreasing OA, but there are also many management decisions made at regional to local spatial scales that can lessen the exposure to or limit the effects of atmospheric CO,. Here, we describe these local management actions and identify the science needs that would assist local managers in deciding whether, and how best, to address local OA. Science needs are diverse, but three commonalities emerge. First, managers need a comprehensive monitoring program that expands understanding of spatial and temporal OA patterns and how OA changes influence marine ecosystems. Second, they require mechanistic, process-based models that differentiate natural from anthropogenically driven OA patterns and the extent to which local actions would affect OA conditions in context of what is largely a global atmospheric-driven phenomenon. Models present the opportunity to visualize outcomes with and without the changes in management actions included in model scenarios. Third, managers need models that identify which locales are most and least vulnerable to future changes due to OA. Understanding vulnerability will assist managers in better siting facilities (e.g., aquaria) or protecting marine resources. The required monitoring and modeling are all achievable, with much of the necessary research and development already underway. The challenge will be to ensure good and continuing communication between the management community that requires the information and the scientific community that is often hesitant to provide recommendations while uncertainty remains high.
机译：北美西海岸的自然循环模式会周期性地将亚高温，低pH值的水吸入浅水沿海地区。在北美西海岸经常观察到由海洋酸化（OA）引起的腐蚀性低pH值水的存在。减少全球大气CO的投入是减少OA的适当管理重点，但是在区域到局部空间尺度上做出的许多管理决策也可以减少对大气CO的暴露或限制。在这里，我们描述了这些本地管理措施，并确定了有助于本地管理者确定是否以及如何最好地解决本地OA的科学需求。科学需求是多种多样的，但出现了三个共性。首先，管理人员需要一个全面的监控程序，以扩展对空间和时间OA模式以及OA变化如何影响海洋生态系统的理解。其次，他们需要基于过程的机械模型，以区别自然和人为驱动的OA模式，以及在很大程度上是全球大气驱动现象的背景下，局部行动对OA条件的影响程度。无论有无模型场景中包含的管理操作发生变化，模型都提供了可视化结果的机会。第三，管理人员需要模型来确定哪些区域最容易受到OA的影响，并且最不易受到OA的影响。了解脆弱性将有助于管理人员改善选址设施（例如水族馆）或保护海洋资源。所需的监视和建模都是可以实现的，并且许多必要的研究和开发已经在进行中。挑战将是确保需要信息的管理社区与经常不愿提供建议而不确定性仍然很高的科学社区之间保持良好和持续的沟通。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2015年第2期|170-181|共12页
  • 作者

    Boehm Alexandria B.; Jacobson Mark Z.; ODonnell Michael J.; Sutula Martha; Wakefield W. Waldo; Weisberg Stephen B.; Whiteman Elizabeth;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford Univ, Environm & Water Studies Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;

    Stanford Univ, Environm & Water Studies Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;

    Calif Ocean Sci Trust, Oakland, CA USA;

    Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Dept Biochem, Costa Mesa, CA USA;

    NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR USA;

    Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA USA;

    Calif Ocean Sci Trust, Oakland, CA USA;

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