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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography >Motion, Commotion, and Biophysical Connections at Deep Ocean Seamounts
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Motion, Commotion, and Biophysical Connections at Deep Ocean Seamounts

机译：深海海山的运动，运动和生物物理联系

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摘要

Seamounts attract the attention of physical oceanographers for a variety of reasons: seamounts play a special role in ocean biology; they may be hydrothermally and magmatically active and thereby feed the ocean with heat, chemical constituents, and microbes; they help convert ocean tidal energy into smaller-length waves and turbulence that affect the ocean locally and globally; and they act, in effect, as sources and sinks of ocean eddies. From a physical oceanographic perspective, the interaction of passing ocean flows with seamount topography is rich in outcomes. That richness originates in the global variability of seamount height and shape, seamount latitude, local ocean stratification, the amplitude and time dependence of the passing flow, as well as many secondary factors, such as proximity to neighboring topography. All these together determine the nature of the circulation, local hydrographic distributions, turbulence, and transport around a seamount. Here we summarize important concepts of ocean physics at seamounts and recount some of the settings in which this physics plays out. Selected aspects of biophysical coupling are also highlighted, particularly the loss and retention of particles, which are connected to a seamount s ability to sustain biological and biologically important property distributions in the face of impinging flows.
机译：海山由于多种原因吸引了物理海洋学家的注意力：海山在海洋生物学中扮演着特殊的角色；它们可能具有热液和岩浆活性，从而向海洋提供热量，化学成分和微生物；它们帮助将海洋潮汐能转换为较小长度的波浪和湍流，这些波浪和湍流会影响本地和全球海洋；它们实际上是海洋涡流的源和汇。从物理海洋学的角度来看，过去的洋流与海山地形的相互作用具有丰富的成果。这种丰富性源自海山高度和形状，海山纬度，局部海洋分层，通过流量的幅度和时间依赖性以及许多次要因素（例如与邻近地形的接近度）的全球变化。所有这些共同决定了环流的性质，局部水文分布，湍流和海山周围的运输。在这里，我们总结了海山上海洋物理学的重要概念，并叙述了该物理学发挥作用的一些环境。还强调了生物物理耦合的选定方面，特别是颗粒的损失和保留，这与海山面对撞击流维持生物学和生物学上重要的属性分布的能力有关。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2010年第1期|90-103|共14页
  • 作者

    J. WILLIAM LAVELLE; CHRISTIAN MOHN;

  • 作者单位

    Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA;

    rnDepartment of Earth and Ocean Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland Department of Marine Ecology, National Environmental Research Institute, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark;

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