Centers for Marine Renewable Energy in Europe and North America

MARKUS MUELLER; HENRY JEFFREY; ROBIN WALLACE; ANNETTE VON JOUANNE

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Centers for Marine Renewable Energy in Europe and North America

机译：欧洲和北美海洋可再生能源中心

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Since the late 1990s, there has been increased interest in marine renewable energy, such as wave and tidal current. Wave and tidal current energy has the potential to supply 15% of the UK's electricity needs, and in the United States the potential is about 7%. Unlike wind, there is no single technological solution to harnessing energy from waves and tidal currents. As a result, many different devices are being developed, and so far there is no optimum solution. Because ocean energy systems operate in a harsh environment, there are significant engineering and environmental challenges to overcome. The UK Energy Research Centre Marine Renewable Energy Technology Roadmap classifies these challenges in terms of predictability, manufacturability, survivability, installability, affordability, and reliability. A number of centers and consortia throughout the world are working toward addressing these challenges, including the European Marine Energy Center (Scotland), SuperGen Marine Energy Research Consortium (UK), Hydraulics Maritime Research Centre (Ireland), Wave Hub & PRIMaRE (South West England), Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center in Oregon and Washington (US), the Hawai'i National Marine Renewable Energy Center (US), and the Fundy Ocean Research Centre for Energy in the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia (Canada).

机译：自1990年代后期以来，人们对海洋可再生能源的兴趣日益增加，例如波浪和潮流。波浪能和潮流能有潜力满足英国15％的电力需求，而在美国，这一潜力约为7％。与风不同，没有任何单一的技术方案可以利用波浪和潮流产生的能量。结果，正在开发许多不同的设备，并且到目前为止，还没有最佳的解决方案。由于海洋能源系统在恶劣的环境中运行，因此需要克服大量的工程和环境挑战。英国能源研究中心海洋可再生能源技术路线图根据可预测性，可制造性，可生存性，可安装性，可负担性和可靠性对这些挑战进行了分类。全球许多中心和财团正在努力应对这些挑战，包括欧洲海洋能源中心（苏格兰），SuperGen海洋能源研究财团（英国），液压海洋研究中心（爱尔兰），Wave Hub和PRIMaRE（西南）英格兰），位于俄勒冈州和华盛顿的西北国家海洋可再生能源中心（美国），夏威夷国家海洋可再生能源中心（美国）以及位于新斯科舍省芬迪湾的芬迪海洋能源研究中心（加拿大）。

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《Oceanography》 |2010年第2期|p.42-52|共11页
作者
MARKUS MUELLER; HENRY JEFFREY; ROBIN WALLACE; ANNETTE VON JOUANNE;
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Institute for Energy Systems, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;

Institute for Energy Systems, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;

Institute for Energy Systems, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;

School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA;

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7. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation31This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Board of Trustees in August 2001, the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee in August 2001, and the European Society of Cardiology Board and Committee for Practice Guidelines and Policy Conferences in August 2001.32When citing this document, the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association, and the European Society of Cardiology would appreciate the following citation format: Fuster V, Rydén LE, Asinger RW, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Frye RL, Halperin JL, Kay GN, Klein WW, Lévy S, McNamara RL, Prystowsky EN, Wann LS, Wyse DG. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines and Policy Conferences (Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation). J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:XX-XX.33This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the American College of Cardiology (www.acc.org), the American Heart Association (www.americanheart.org), the European Society of Cardiology (www.escardio.org), and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (www.naspe.org). Single reprints of this document (the complete Guidelines) to be published in the mid-October issue of the European Heart Journal are available by calling +44.207.424.4200 or +44.207.424.4389, faxing +44.207.424.4433, or writing Harcourt Publishers Ltd, European Heart Journal, ESC Guidelines – Reprints, 32 Jamestown Road, London, NW1 7BY, United Kingdom. Single reprints of the shorter version (Executive Summary and Summary of Recommendations) published in the October issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology and the October issue of Circulation, are available for $5.00 each by calling 800-253-4636 (US only) or by writing the Resource Center, American College of Cardiology, 9111 Old Georgetown Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. To purchase bulk reprints specify version and reprint number (Executive Summary 71-0208; full text 71-0209) up to 999 copies, call 800-611-6083 (US only) or fax 413-665-2671; 1000 or more copies, call 214-706-1466, fax 214-691-6342; or E-mail: pubauth@heart.org. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines and Policy Conferences (Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) Developed in Collaboration With the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology [O] . Fuster Valentin, Rydén Lars E., Asinger Richard W., 2001

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Centers for Marine Renewable Energy in Europe and North America

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