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OCEAN WINDS AND TURBULENT AIR-SEA FLUXES INFERRED FROM REMOTE SENSING

机译：遥感推断的海风和湍流海气通量

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摘要

Surface turbulent fluxes are key pathways through which the atmosphere is coupled with the ocean. They provide mechanisms through which momentum, energy, moisture, and materials such as CO_2 are transferred between the ocean and atmosphere. Surface fluxes are also important players in vertical and horizontal transport in the atmosphere and the ocean. There have been attempts to estimate surface fluxes directly from satellite observations; however, they are typically calculated from observations of surface and near-surface variables. Recent improvements in the measurement of vector winds, air temperatures, and atmospheric humidities have all contributed to better estimation of surface fluxes from satellite observations. These advances are discussed in the context of applications, with examples from a tropical cyclone and a very strong mid-latitude storm. Proposed future systems that use improved instrumentation and collocate observations of winds, temperatures, and humidities will increase the accuracy beyond current capabilities. Targets for a variety of important climate-related processes are provided.
机译：地表湍流是大气与海洋耦合的关键途径。它们提供了动量，能量，水分和诸如CO_2之类的物质在海洋与大气之间转移的机制。地表通量在大气和海洋中垂直和水平传输中也起着重要作用。已经尝试直接从卫星观测中估计表面通量；但是，它们通常是根据对地表和近地表变量的观察来计算的。对矢量风，空气温度和大气湿度的测量的最新改进都有助于更好地根据卫星观测估算地表通量。这些进展将在应用程序的背景下进行讨论，并以热带气旋和非常强的中纬度风暴为例。拟议的未来系统将使用改进的仪器并同时对风，温度和湿度进行观测，这将使精度超出当前能力。提供了各种与气候有关的重要过程的目标。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2010年第4期|p.36-51|共16页
  • 作者

    MARK A. BOURASSA; SARAH T. GILLE; DARREN L. JACKSON; J. BRENT ROBERTS; GARY A. WICK;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS) and Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA;

    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;

    Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA;

    Earth Science Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA;

    Satellite Applications Croup, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA;

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