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The Role of Eutrophication in the Global Proliferation of Harmful Algal Blooms NEW PERSPECTIVES AND NEW APPROACHES

机译:富营养化在有害藻华的全球扩散中的作用新观点和新方法

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摘要

Cultural eutrophication, the pollution of coastal waters by nutrients, is a result of population growth, food production (agriculture, animaloperations andaquaculture), and energy production and consumption, and is considered one of the largest pollution problems globally (Howarth et al., 2002). Population growth and food production result in major changes to the landscape, in turn, increasing sewage discharges and runoff from agriculture and populated lands. In addition to population growth, eutrophication arises from the large increases in the use of chemical fertilizers that began in the 1950S and which are projected to continue to escalate in the coming decades (Smil, 2001). Both nitrogen and phosphorus are of concern in eutrophication, but nitrqgen has received far more attention because it often limits primary production in estuaries and coastal waters and because the global application of nitrogen from synthetic fertilizers is far greater than that of phosphorus (more information available at www.ut.ee/~olli/eutr/).
机译:文化富营养化是营养物质对沿海水域的污染,是人口增长,粮食生产(农业,畜牧业和水产养殖)以及能源生产和消费的结果,被认为是全球最大的污染问题之一(Howarth等,2002) )。人口增长和粮食生产导致景观发生重大变化,进而增加了污水排放量以及农业和人口稠密土地的径流量。除人口增长外,富营养化还源于1950年代开始大量使用化学肥料,并且预计在未来几十年内还会继续升级(Smil,2001)。氮和磷都引起富营养化,但氮素受到了更多的关注,因为它经常限制河口和沿海水域的初级生产,并且全球合成肥料中的氮肥使用量远大于磷肥(更多信息可从www.ut.ee/~olli/eutr/)。

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