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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography >INCREASED ARCTIC PRECIPITATION SLOWS DOWN SEA ICE MELT AND SURFACE WARMING
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INCREASED ARCTIC PRECIPITATION SLOWS DOWN SEA ICE MELT AND SURFACE WARMING

机译：北极降水的增加减慢了海冰的融化和表面变暖

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摘要

Climate model projections of future climate change exhibit a robust increase in Arctic precipitation, which invokes an array of climate effects. Idealized climate model simulations with artificially increased Arctic precipitation rates exhibit cooling of near-surface atmospheric temperatures and sea ice expansion. We show here that this cooling cannot be attributed to increased surface albedo from fresh snow and less absorption of solar radiation by sea ice, but rather to a reduction in upward oceanic heat flux. This reduction in heat flux is due to increased precipitation that leads to fresher ocean surface waters and, hence, to more stable stratification of the upper Arctic Ocean. This stratification results in cooling of the ocean surface and warming of deeper ocean layers. The simulations show that sea ice expansion and surface cooling peak in the Barents Sea, a region that is very sensitive to changes in mixed layer depth, which decreases considerably there. In the context of a warming Arctic, with concurrent 50% increases in precipitation in 2100, this negative feedback is estimated to slow down projected RCP8.5 Arctic warming by up to 2.0 degrees C in winter and sea ice retreat by a maximum of 11% in autumn, although seasonal variations are considerable.
机译：未来气候变化的气候模型预测显示出北极降水的强劲增加，这引起了一系列的气候影响。人为增加的北极降水速率的理想气候模型模拟显示出近地表大气温度下降和海冰膨胀。我们在这里表明，这种冷却不能归因于新鲜雪的表面反照率增加和海冰对太阳辐射的吸收较少，而是归因于向上海洋热通量的减少。这种热通量的减少是由于降水增加导致了更新鲜的海洋表层水，从而使北冰洋上部的分层更加稳定。这种分层导致海洋表面冷却和深海层变暖。模拟表明，巴伦支海的海冰膨胀和表面冷却达到峰值，该区域对混合层深度的变化非常敏感，该区域的混合层深度明显减小。在北极变暖的背景下，到2100年降水量同时增加50％，据估计，这种负反馈将使预计的RCP8.5北极变暖在冬季最多降低2.0摄氏度，海冰退缩最多11％在秋季，尽管季节性变化很大。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2018年第2期|118-125|共8页
  • 作者

    Bintanja Richard; Katsman Caroline A.; Selten Frank M.;

  • 作者单位

    Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Civil Engn & Geosci, Environm Fluid Mech, Delft, Netherlands;

    Univ Groningen, Energy & Sustainabil Res Inst Groningen, Climate & Environm Change, Groningen, Netherlands;

    Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, De Bilt, Netherlands;

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