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Moving from gas flaring to gas conservation and utilisation in Nigeria: a review of the legal and policy regime

机译：尼日利亚从瓦斯燃烧转向瓦斯保护与利用：法律和政策制度的回顾

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摘要

Nigeria is often described as 'a gas province with significant oil accumulations', due to her immense natural gas reserves. A large volume of Nigeria's gas reserves is found as 'associated natural gas' along with crude oil. In most cases, such associated gas is burnt off during oil field operations through a process that is commonly referred to as 'gas flaring'. Recent statistics indicate that Nigeria is the second highest gas-flaring country in the world. Gas flaring has also been a major cause of environmental pollution and a waste of non-renewable resources that has resulted to a huge loss of revenue for the country. This article analyses the legal and policy regime to tackle gas flaring and enhance gas utilisation and re-injection or conservation in Nigeria. It reveals several obstacles that have hindered the success of such legal and policy regimes and suggests measures to reverse the trend. The article suggests inter alia that existing legal and policy regimes to tackle gas flaring and promote gas utilisation and re-injection have not been successful due to the absence of attractive incentives that will encourage oil-producing companies to invest in gas utilisation or re-injection facilities. It also suggests that the enforcement of existing anti-gas flaring regimes has not been successful due to the absence of deterrent sanctions and also as a result of Nigeria's heavy dependence on oil revenues. The article recommends the establishment of more punitive gas flare sanctions alongside attractive fiscal incentives that will encourage oil-producing companies to invest in gas utilisation and re-injection facilities.
机译：尼日利亚因其巨大的天然气储量而经常被称为“拥有大量石油积累的天然气省”。尼日利亚的大量天然气与原油一起被称为“伴生气”。在大多数情况下，此类伴生气在油田作业期间会通过通常称为“气体燃烧”的过程燃烧掉。最近的统计数据表明，尼日利亚是世界第二大天然气燃烧国。燃烧天然气也是造成环境污染的主要原因，浪费了不可再生资源，给该国带来了巨大的收入损失。本文分析了尼日利亚的法律和政策制度，以解决瓦斯燃烧和提高瓦斯利用以及再注入或保护的问题。它揭示了阻碍此类法律和政策制度成功的若干障碍，并提出了扭转这一趋势的措施。该文章除其他外建议，由于缺乏吸引石油生产公司投资于天然气利用或再注入的诱人诱因，解决天然气燃烧和促进天然气利用和再注入的现行法律和政策制度并未取得成功。设备。它还表明，由于缺乏威慑性制裁，也是尼日利亚严重依赖石油收入的结果，现有反天然气燃烧制度的执行未能成功。文章建议对天然气火炬制裁采取更严厉的制裁措施，同时采取诱人的财政激励措施，以鼓励石油生产公司投资于天然气利用和再注入设施。

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  • 来源
    《OPEC energy review》 |2014年第2期|149-183|共35页
  • 作者

    Uchenna Jerome Orji;

  • 作者单位

    Faculty of Law, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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