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Alignment error of mirror modules of advanced telescope for high-energy astrophysics due to wavefront aberrations

机译：波前像差引起的高能天体物理学用高级望远镜镜面模块的对准误差

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摘要

One of the approaches that is being tested for the integration of the mirror modules of the advanced telescope for high-energy astrophysics x-ray mission of the European Space Agency consists in aligning each module on an optical bench operated at an ultraviolet wavelength. The mirror module is illuminated by a plane wave and, in order to overcome diffraction effects, the centroid of the image produced by the module is used as a reference to assess the accuracy of the optical alignment of the mirror module itself. Among other sources of uncertainty, the wave-front error of the plane wave also introduces an error in the position of the centroid, thus affecting the quality of the mirror module alignment. The power spectral density of the position of the point spread function centroid is here derived from the power spectral density of the wave-front error of the plane wave in the framework of the scalar theory of Fourier diffraction. This allows the defining of a specification on the collimator quality used for generating the plane wave starting from the contribution to the error budget allocated for the uncertainty of the centroid position. The theory generally applies whenever Fourier diffraction is a valid approximation, in which case the obtained result is identical to that derived by geometrical optics considerations.
机译：欧洲航天局用于高能天体物理学X射线任务的高级望远镜的反射镜模块集成的一种测试方法是，将每个模块对准在紫外线波长下工作的光具座。镜模块被平面波照射，并且为了克服衍射效应，由模块产生的图像的质心被用作参考，以评估镜模块本身的光学对准的准确性。在其他不确定性来源中，平面波的波前误差还会在质心位置引入误差，从而影响反射镜模块对齐的质量。在傅立叶衍射的标量理论的框架内，从平面波的波前误差的功率谱密度导出点扩展函数形心的位置的功率谱密度。这允许定义用于产生平面波的准直器质量的规范，该规范从对误差质量的贡献开始，该误差预算分配给质心位置的不确定性。只要傅立叶衍射是有效的近似值，该理论通常适用，在这种情况下，所得结果与从几何光学考虑因素得出的结果相同。

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