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Radiance and photon noise: imaging in geometrical optics, physical optics, quantum optics and radiology

机译：辐射和光子噪声：几何光学，物理光学，量子光学和放射学中的成像

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摘要

The statistics of detector outputs produced by an imaging system are derived from basic radiometric concepts and definitions. We show that a fundamental way of describing a photon-limited imaging system is in terms of a Poisson random process in spatial, angular, and wavelength variables. We begin the paper by recalling the concept of radiance in geometrical optics, radiology, physical optics, and quantum optics. The propagation and conservation laws for radiance in each of these domains are reviewed. Building upon these concepts, we distinguish four categories of imaging detectors that all respond in some way to the incident radiance, including the new category of photon-processing detectors (capable of measuring radiance on a photon-by-photon basis). This allows us to rigorously show how the concept of radiance is related to the statistical properties of detector outputs and to the information content of a single detected photon. A Monte-Carlo technique, which is derived from the Boltzmann transport equation, is presented as a way to estimate probability density functions to be used in reconstruction from photon-processing data.
机译：成像系统产生的探测器输出的统计数据来自基本的辐射概念和定义。我们表明，描述光子受限成像系统的基本方法是根据空间，角度和波长变量中的泊松随机过程。我们通过回顾几何光学，放射学，物理光学和量子光学中的辐射率的概念来开始本文。审查了这些域中每个域的辐射的传播和守恒定律。在这些概念的基础上，我们将四类成像探测器划分为对入射辐射有某种响应的新类别，包括新类别的光子处理探测器（能够在逐个光子的基础上测量辐射）。这使我们能够严格显示辐射度的概念与检测器输出的统计属性以及单个检测到的光子的信息内容之间的关系。提出了从玻耳兹曼输运方程派生的蒙特卡洛技术，作为一种估计从光子处理数据重建中使用的概率密度函数的方法。

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  • 来源
    《Optical engineering》 |2016年第1期|013102.1-013102.13|共13页
  • 作者

    Luca Caucci; Kyle J. Myers; Harrison H. Barrett;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Arizona, Center for Gamma-Ray Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, 1609 North Warren Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States;

    U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Division of Imaging and Applied Mathematics, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States;

    The University of Arizona, Center for Gamma-Ray Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, 1609 North Warren Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States,University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    radiance; photon noise; photon processing;

    机译：辐射;光子噪声光子处理;

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