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首页> 外文期刊>Oryx >Harnessing local ecological knowledge for conservation decision making via Wisdom of Crowds: the case of the Manus green tree snail Papustyla pulcherrima
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Harnessing local ecological knowledge for conservation decision making via Wisdom of Crowds: the case of the Manus green tree snail Papustyla pulcherrima

机译：利用当地生态知识通过人群智慧进行保护决策：以Manus绿树蜗牛Papustyla pulcherrima为例

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摘要

The shell of the Manus green tree snail Papustyla pulcherrima is renowned for its beauty and is subject to international protection under CITES, having been harvested intensively in the past. To determine its threat status, and whether further conservation action is justified, an inexpensive Wisdom of Crowds approach was used to estimate the change in relative density of the snail between 1998 and 2013. Local men and women were approached around the main market on Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, and asked to map the relative abundance of the snail on an ordinal scale, based on their personal observations in 2013 and 1998 (a year of cultural significance). The spatial abundance data from 400 surveys were analysed using an information-theoretic approach. A suite of cumulative link models incorporating geographical factors was used to determine the magnitude of the change and to investigate possible biological influences underpinning the reported pattern. High abundance of the snail was associated with intact forested areas, high elevation and low population density. A slow decline was evident, with the median percentage of map cells where the snail was categorized as plentiful decreasing by c. 20% between the 2 years. On this basis a categorization of Near Threatened was advocated for the species. Although it is arguable that Wisdom of Crowds methods cannot be substituted for in situ quantification, the approach appears to have utility as a preliminary assessment for further conservation expenditure, and as a tool for determining threat status.
机译：曼努斯绿树蜗牛Papustyla pulcherrima的壳以其美丽而闻名，并在CITES的保护下受到国际保护，过去已被大量收获。为了确定其威胁状况以及是否有必要采取进一步的保护行动，人们使用了一种廉价的“智慧人群”方法来估算蜗牛在1998年至2013年之间的相对密度变化。在马努斯岛的主要市场附近与当地男女接触，巴布亚新几内亚，并要求根据蜗牛在2013年和1998年（具有文化意义的一年）的个人观察结果，按顺序绘制蜗牛的相对丰度。使用信息论方法分析了400次调查的空间丰度数据。一套包含地理因素的累积链接模型用于确定变化的幅度并调查所报告模式的潜在生物学影响。蜗牛的丰度高与森林完整，海拔高和人口密度低有关。缓慢下降是明显的，蜗牛被归类为丰富的图谱细胞的中位百分比下降了c。 2年之间20％。在此基础上，提倡对该物种进行“濒临灭绝”的分类。尽管可以用“群众智慧”方法代替现场量化存在争议，但这种方法似乎可以作为进一步保护支出的初步评估和确定威胁状态的工具。

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