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首页> 外文期刊>Oryx >Guanaco Lama guanicoe numbers plummet in an area subject to poaching from oil-exploration trails in Patagonia
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Guanaco Lama guanicoe numbers plummet in an area subject to poaching from oil-exploration trails in Patagonia

机译：从巴塔哥尼亚的石油勘探路线偷猎的地区，瓜纳科喇嘛的鸟粪数量骤然下降

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We report changes in guanaco Lama guanicoe density, recruitment, and social structure associated with increased access of poachers along an extensive network of hydrocarbon-exploration roads in northern Patagonia, and conservation measures taken in response. Mean guanaco densities declined 93-96% and mean group size declined from 9.8 to 5.0 guanacos per group at three sites surveyed during 1982-1983 and 2002-2007, whereas yearling proportions did not change significantly. Additional surveys during 2002-2007 suggest population declines and fragmentation have occurred over a wide area of intense hydrocarbon exploration and extraction. Guanaco densities in 2002-2007 showed a strong negative association with the density of access points along hydrocarbon-exploration roads and, to a lesser degree, with livestock densities. The increase in poaching in recent decades, resulting from increased access and an urban population that has appropriate vehicles, has probably been the main cause of the decline of the guanaco population, although overgrazing by livestock and decreased plant productivity may also be contributing factors. Closing of exploration roads with levees and ditches in 2006 and 2010 by a hydrocarbon company, under supervision by the local government and scientists, restricted access by unauthorized vehicles to a 220,000-ha area, including two of the sites where guanaco numbers collapsed. This action, in combination with increased ranger patrols, may allow guanaco recovery in the coming years.
机译：我们报告了与北巴塔哥尼亚北部广泛的油气勘探道路网络上的偷猎者增加接触有关的骆驼喇嘛鸟鸟的密度，募集和社会结构的变化，并采取了相应的保护措施。在1982-1983年和2002-2007年进行的三个调查中，平均鬣蜥密度下降了93-96％，平均群大小从每组9.8降到了5.0，而一岁鸽的比例没有明显变化。 2002-2007年期间进行的其他调查显示，在大量的密集油气勘探和开采领域中，人口下降和破碎化。 2002-2007年的瓜纳科密度与碳氢化合物勘探道路上的接入点密度呈显着负相关，在较小程度上与牲畜密度呈负相关。尽管由于牲畜过度放牧和植物生产力下降也可能是促成偷猎行为增加的原因，但近几十年来偷猎活动的增加是由于获取量增加和拥有适当车辆的城市人口所致。在当地政府和科学家的监督下，一家碳氢化合物公司在2006年和2010年关闭了带堤防和沟渠的勘探道路，将未经许可的车辆限制进入了22万公顷的区域，其中包括两个骆驼数量下降的地点。这种行动，加上巡逻员巡逻的增加，可能使骆驼在未来几年内恢复。

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