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Conservation challenges and action for the Critically Endangered Singapore freshwater crab Johora singaporensis

机译：极度濒危的新加坡淡水蟹新加坡柔佛州的保护挑战和行动

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摘要

The Singapore freshwater crab Johora singaporensis is known only from three streams in Singapore and is among the top 100 most threatened species in the world. It is the only member of the genus Johora, endemic to the Malay Peninsula, to be categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Extensive surveys conducted over 1 year to determine the extent of the species' distribution revealed that the population has declined significantly at its type locality in Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Singapore Island's oldest protected forest area. The species remains extant in two unprotected streams in Bukit Batok and Bukit Gombak, which are located outside the nature reserve. Acidification of streams as a result of acid precipitation may be a factor in the decline of the species. If so, this will be the first documented instance of a species being affected negatively by anthropogenic acidification of a tropical freshwater system. The occurrence of this threatened species in a protected area has not, therefore, guaranteed its survival. There is a need for long-term and continuous monitoring of species of high conservation value, together with other measures that focus on habitat protection. Conservation efforts by the National Parks Board of Singapore in collaboration with other government agencies are ongoing in an effort to ensure the survival of this important species.
机译：新加坡淡水蟹新山仅在新加坡的三大溪流中就广为人知，并且是世界上最受威胁的一百种之一。它是马来半岛特有的柔佛属的唯一成员，在世界自然保护联盟红色名录中被列为极度濒危。一年多的广泛调查以确定该物种的分布程度，结果表明，新加坡岛最古老的保护林区武吉知马自然保护区的种群在其类型所在地已经大幅下降。该物种仍在自然保护区之外的武吉巴督和武吉贡巴的两个未受保护的溪流中现存。酸沉淀导致物流酸化可能是物种减少的一个因素。如果是这样，这将是有记录的第一个实例，表明该物种受到热带淡水系统的人为酸化负面影响。因此，这种受威胁物种在保护区的发生并不能保证其生存。需要对具有高保护价值的物种进行长期和连续的监测，以及其他注重生境保护的措施。新加坡国家公园管理局正在与其他政府机构合作进行保护工作，以确保这一重要物种的生存。

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