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Determining the risk of predator attacks around protected areas: the case of Bardia National Park, Nepal

机译：确定保护区捕食者攻击的风险：尼泊尔Bardia国家公园的情况

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摘要

In this study we determined the probability of predator attacks on livestock around Bardia National Park, Nepal. We conducted semi-structured interviews to explore the patterns and factors affecting livestock losses in four administrative sectors of the Park's buffer zone. We developed models to investigate the overall probability of livestock loss, economic damage caused, and the respondents' attitudes towards wildlife. The probability of leopard attacks on livestock was much higher (85% of all livestock lost to depredation) than that of tiger attacks (8%), and the northern sector experienced the highest loss of livestock (50% modelled probability of livestock loss) in the buffer zone. Livestock loss was significantly related to the number of livestock owned by respondents, their ethnic group, and village distance to the Park boundary. Economic damage was influenced by buffer zone sector, number of livestock owned, and distance to the Park boundary. Conservation attitudes depended on respondents' knowledge of wildlife, levels of education and self-sufficiency, and the probability of livestock being killed by leopards. Respondents who were male, highly educated and self-sufficient were most likely to support conservation. Tigers are tolerated based on religious beliefs, and these cultural values, together with the sharing of conservation benefits, facilitate conservation. Leopards, however, are not tolerated in the same way and are the most damaging predators.
机译：在这项研究中，我们确定了捕食者攻击尼泊尔周边牛群国家公园周围的畜牧业攻击概率。我们进行了半结构化访谈，探讨了影响公园缓冲区四个行政部门的畜牧业损失的模式和因素。我们开发了探讨畜牧业损失，经济损害造成的总体概率的模型，并对受访者对野生动物的态度。对牲畜的豹攻击概率高得多（所有牲畜的85％丢失到掠夺），而不是Tiger攻击（8％），北部部门经历了最高的牲畜损失（牲畜损失的30％概率）缓冲区。畜牧损失与受访者，族群和村庄距离到公园边界所拥有的牲畜数量有关。经济损害受缓冲区部门的影响，拥有的牲畜数量，与公园边界的距离。保护态度取决于受访者对野生动物，教育水平和自给自足的知识，鼠尾草杀死的牲畜概率。男性，高度教育和自给自足的受访者最有可能支持保护。基于宗教信仰和这些文化价值观的龙头，以及这些文化价值观，以及保护益处，促进保护。然而，豹子不可以相同的方式忍受，并且是最有害的捕食者。

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