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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems >TDoA for Passive Localization: Underwater versus Terrestrial Environment
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TDoA for Passive Localization: Underwater versus Terrestrial Environment

机译：被动本地化的TDoA：水下与陆地环境

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摘要

The measurement of an emitter's position using electronic support passive sensors is termed passive localization and plays an important part both in electronic support and electronic attack. The emitting target could be in terrestrial or underwater environment. In this paper, we propose a time difference of arrival (TDoA) algorithm for passive localization in underwater and terrestrial environment. In terrestrial environment, it is assumed that a Rician flat fading model should be used because there exists line of sight. In underwater environment, we apply a modified UWB Saleh-Valenzuela (S-V) model to characterize the underwater acoustic fading channel. We propose the TDoA finding algorithm via estimating the delay of two correlated channels, and compare it with the existing approach. Simulations were conducted for terrestrial and underwater environment, and simulation results show that our TDoA algorithm performs much better than the cross-correlation-based TDoA algorithm with a lower level of magnitude in terms of average TDoA error and root-mean-square error (RMSE). Compared to the TDoA performance in terrestrial environment, the TDoA performance in underwater environment is much worse. This is because the underwater channel has clusters and rays, which introduces memory and uncertainties. For the two scenarios in underwater environment, the performance in rich scattering underwater environment is worse than that in less scattering underwater environment, because the latter has less clusters and rays, which would cause less uncertainties in TDoA.
机译：使用电子支持式无源传感器来测量发射器的位置被称为被动定位，并且在电子支持和电子攻击中都起着重要的作用。发射目标可能在地面或水下环境中。在本文中，我们提出了一种在水下和陆地环境中进行被动定位的到达时间差（TDoA）算法。在地球环境中，假定存在视线，因此应使用Rician平面衰落模型。在水下环境中，我们应用了改进的UWB Saleh-Valenzuela（S-V）模型来表征水下声衰落通道。我们通过估计两个相关通道的延迟来提出TDoA查找算法，并将其与现有方法进行比较。针对陆地和水下环境进行了仿真，仿真结果表明，与基于互相关的TDoA算法相比，我们的TDoA算法的性能要好得多，就平均TDoA误差和均方根误差（RMSE）而言，其幅度级较低）。与陆地环境中的TDoA性能相比，水下环境中的TDoA性能要差得多。这是因为水下通道具有簇和射线，从而引入了内存和不确定性。对于水下环境中的这两种情况，在散射较大的水下环境中的性能要比散射较小的水下环境中的性能差，因为后者具有较少的簇和射线，这将导致TDoA的不确定性较小。

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