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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems >An Effective Design of Deadlock-Free Routing Algorithms Based on 2D Turn Model for Irregular Networks
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An Effective Design of Deadlock-Free Routing Algorithms Based on 2D Turn Model for Irregular Networks

机译：基于二维转向模型的不规则网络无死锁路由算法的有效设计

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摘要

System area networks (SANs), which usually accept arbitrary topologies, have been used to connect hosts in PC clusters. Although deadlock-free routing is often employed for low-latency communications using wormhole or virtual cut-through switching, the interconnection adaptivity introduces difficulties in establishing deadlock-free paths. An up*/down* routing algorithm, which has been widely used to avoid deadlocks in irregular networks, tends to make unbalanced paths as it employs a one-dimensional directed graph. The current study introduces a two-dimensional directed graph on which adaptive routings called left-up first turn (L-turn) routings and right-down last turn (R-turn) routings are proposed to make the paths as uniformly distributed as possible. This scheme guarantees deadlock-freedom because it uses the turn model approach, and the extra degree of freedom in the two-dimensional graph helps to ensure that the prohibited turns are well-distributed. Simulation results show that better throughput and latency results from uniformly distributing the prohibited turns by which the traffic would be more distributed toward the leaf nodes. The L-turn routings, which meet this condition, improve throughput by up to 100 percent compared with two up*/down*-based routings, and also reduce latency.
机译：通常使用任意拓扑的系统区域网络（SAN）已用于连接PC群集中的主机。虽然无死锁路由通常用于使用虫洞或虚拟直通交换的低延迟通信，但互连的适应性给建立无死锁的路径带来了困难。向上* /向下*路由算法已被广泛用于避免不规则网络中的死锁，由于采用一维有向图，因此倾向于产生不平衡的路径。当前的研究引入了二维有向图，在该图上提出了自适应路由，称为左上首弯（L-turn）路由和右下后弯（R-turn）路由，以使路径尽可能均匀地分布。该方案使用转弯模型方法，可确保无死锁，并且二维图中的额外自由度有助于确保禁止转弯的分布均匀。仿真结果表明，通过将禁止转弯均匀地分配到各个叶子节点，流量将得到更好的吞吐量和延迟。与两个基于上* /下*的路由相比，满足此条件的L形转弯路由将吞吐量提高了100％，并且还减少了延迟。

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