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Theory of spin inelastic tunneling spectroscopy for superconductor-superconductor and superconductor-metal junctions

机译：超导体-超导体和超导体-金属结的自旋非弹性隧穿光谱理论

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We address the tunneling conductance and spin inelastic tunneling spectroscopy of localized paramagnetic moments in a superconducting environment, pertaining to recent measurements on Fe-octaethylporphyrin-chloride using superconducting scanning tunneling microscopy. We demonstrate that the Cooper pair correlations in the tip and substrate generate a finite uniaxial anisotropy field acting on the local spin moment, and we argue that this field may be a source for the observed changes in the conductance spectrum for decreasing distance between the scanning tunneling tip and the local magnetic moment. We make a side-by-side comparison between the superconductor-superconductor junction and normal-metal-superconductor junction, and find qualitative agreement between the two setups while quantitative differences become explicit. When simulating the effects of electron pumping, we obtain additional peaks in the conductance spectrum that can be attributed to excitations between higher-energy spin states. The transverse anisotropy field couples basis states of the local spin which opens for transitions between spin states that are otherwise forbidden by conservation of angular momentum. Finally, we explore the influences of temperature, which tend to enable in-gap transitions, and an external magnetic field, which enables deeper studies of the spin excitation spectrum. We especially notice the appearance of a low and high excitation peak on each side of the main coherence peak as an imprint of transitions between the Zeeman split ground states.
机译：我们解决了超导环境中局部顺磁矩的隧穿电导和自旋非弹性隧穿光谱学问题，涉及使用超导扫描隧穿显微镜对Fe-八乙基卟啉-氯化物进行的最新测量。我们证明了尖端和基底中的库珀对相关性产生了作用于局部自旋矩的有限单轴各向异性场，并且我们认为该场可能是电导谱中观察到的变化的源，以减小扫描隧道之间的距离尖端和局部磁矩。我们在超导体-超导体结和正态金属-超导体结之间进行了并排比较，并在定量差异变得明显的同时找到了两种设置之间的定性一致性。在模拟电子泵浦效应时，我们在电导谱中获得了其他峰值，这可以归因于较高能自旋态之间的激发。横向各向异性场耦合局部自旋的基本状态，该局部状态为自旋状态之间的过渡打开，否则自旋角守恒将禁止这些过渡。最后，我们探讨了温度的影响和外部磁场的影响，温度倾向于使能隙转变，而外部磁场使对自旋激发光谱的研究更加深入。我们特别注意到，在主相干峰的每一侧都出现了高低激发峰，这是塞曼分裂基态之间跃迁的烙印。

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