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Systematic variation of spin-orbit coupling with d-orbital filling: Large inverse spin Hall effect in 3d transition metals

机译:具有d轨道填充的自旋轨道耦合的系统变化:3d过渡金属中的大逆自旋霍尔效应

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It is generally believed that spin-orbit coupling (SOC) follows Z~4 (atomic number) dependence and becomes significant only in heavy elements. Consequently, SOC in 3d transition metals should be negligible given their small Z. Using dynamic spin pumping of Y_3Fe_5O_(12)-based structures, we uncover a systematic evolution of the spin Hall angle (θ_(SH)) with d-orbital filling in a series of 3d metals, reminiscent of behavior observed in 5d metals. In particular, Cr and Ni show very large θ_(SH) (half of that for Pt), indicating that d-orbital filling rather than Z plays a dominant role in the spin Hall effect (SHE) in 3d metals. This result enriches our understanding of SHE and broadens the scope of materials available for exploring the rich phenomena enabled by SOC as well as presenting a guidepost for testing theoretical models of spin-orbit coupling in transition metals.
机译:通常认为,自旋轨道耦合(SOC)遵循Z〜4(原子数)依赖性,仅在重元素中才有意义。因此,鉴于Z值较小,3d过渡金属中的SOC应该可以忽略不计。使用基于Y_3Fe_5O_(12)的结构的动态自旋泵浦,我们发现在d轨道填充下自旋霍尔角(θ_(SH))的系统演化一系列3d金属,让人联想到在5d金属中观察到的行为。特别是,Cr和Ni的θ_(SH)非常大(Pt的一半),表明d轨道填充而不是Z在3d金属的自旋霍尔效应(SHE)中起主要作用。该结果丰富了我们对SHE的理解,并拓宽了可用于探索SOC引起的丰富现象的材料范围,并为测试过渡金属中自旋轨道耦合的理论模型提供了指南。

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