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Effects of boundaries and point defects on energetics and dynamics of domain walls

机译：边界和点缺陷对畴壁能量和动力学的影响

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Knowledge about energetics and motions of domain walls is crucial for understanding dynamics in many phase transitions and various properties of domain-wall-based materials. Through direct observation of a surface phase transition, monolayer Pb on Si(111), with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and careful sample preparation, the interactions of domain walls with boundaries and point defects are investigated. We observe many local dynamic phenomena near boundaries and defects such as the pinning of domain walls at constrictions and/or by point defects, dependence of transition temperatures with the domain size, enhanced structural fluctuations near boundaries and high defect density areas as well as where high defect density is artificially introduced, etc. A model based on attractive interactions of domain walls with boundaries and point defects can explain our observations qualitatively. We believe phenomena observed and explanations given for this system may be applicable for other domain-wall-rich systems, including three-dimensional systems, of nanometer size.
机译：有关域壁的能量学和运动的知识对于理解许多基于域壁材料的相变和各种属性中的动力学至关重要。通过用扫描隧道显微镜（STM）直接观察表面相变，Si（111）上的单层Pb以及仔细的样品制备，研究了畴壁与边界和点缺陷的相互作用。我们观察到边界和缺陷附近的许多局部动力学现象，例如在收缩处和/或点缺陷处的畴壁钉扎，过渡温度与畴尺寸的关系，边界附近和高缺陷密度区域以及高缺陷区域的结构性波动增加。缺陷密度是人工引入的，等等。基于畴壁与边界和点缺陷的有吸引力的相互作用的模型可以定性地解释我们的观察结果。我们相信观察到的现象和对该系统的解释可能适用于其他纳米尺寸的富域壁系统，包括三维系统。

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