Top 20 Tips For Night Flying

BILL COX

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Top 20 Tips For Night Flying

机译：夜间飞行的20大秘诀

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Night flying isn't for everyone. Much of the joy and wonder of flying disappears when the sun goes down. Even those who claim to enjoy aviating after dark acknowledge that there's usually not much to see, and the safety margin is significantly reduced. It's more than coincidental that many pilots hegin their professional careers flying in the dark. If you fly for a package service or on some commuter operations, night flight may be required to graduate from apprentice (copilot) to journeyman (captain). It's the least choice of assignments.

机译：夜飞并不适合所有人。太阳下山后，飞行的欢乐和奇迹消失了许多。即使是那些声称喜欢在黑夜后享受航行的人，也承认通常没有什么可以看的，并且安全裕度大大降低了。许多飞行员在黑暗中飞行自己的职业生涯绝非偶然。如果您乘坐包裹服务或进行通勤操作，则可能需要夜间飞行才能从学徒（副驾驶）毕业到熟练工（机长）。这是最少的作业选择。

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《Plane & pilot》 |2014年第5期|54-5658|共4页
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1. Night Flying Tips From The Night Owls [J] . Frank Ayers Plane & pilot . 2021,第1期

机译：夜猫头鹰的夜飞尖
2. 20 Tips For VFR Flying [J] . BILL COX Plane & pilot . 2014,第2期

机译：VFR飞行的20个技巧
3. 20 Tips For IFR Flying [J] . BILL COX Plane & pilot . 2014,第3期

机译：IFR飞行的20个技巧
4. Nighttime Photography & Videography: Techniques & Tips [C] . Jason Young, Jeffrey W. Muttart, Jeff Suway, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society international annual meeting;Human Factors and Ergonomics Society . 2017

机译：夜间摄影与录像：技巧与窍门
5. "No night was ever too dark or road too long for her": Ella Ware, M.D., The Country Doc, a state-educated woman practicing medicine in early 20th-Century rural Texas. [D] . Dixon, Kassie M. 2016

机译：“对于她来说，夜色不会太黑，道路也不会太漫长”：医学博士Ella Ware，乡村医生，在20世纪初期的得克萨斯州乡村从事医学工作的受过国家教育的妇女。
6. Nighttime behavioral study of flying foxes on the southern coast of West Java Indonesia [O] . Yupadee HENGJAN, Vidi SAPUTRA, Mirsageri MIRSAGERI, 2018

机译：印度尼西亚西爪哇省南部海岸的狐狸夜间行为研究
7. Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense) : Cyclocephala colasi beetles are facultative endotherms that spend most of their adult lives inside the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense, where ambient temperature (Ta) averages about 28°C due to floral thermogenesis. Measurements of respiration within a range of Ta showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at Ta below 28°C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy expense of endothermy. Bouts of endothermy occurred at lower Ta in respirometer chambers mainly in the evening, when the insects normally fly from one inflorescence to another, and during the night, when they normally eat and mate within the inflorescence. Patterns of endothermy in individual episodes were studied in non-flying beetles with respirometry and infrared thermal imaging. Heat was generated in the thorax by oscillatory waves of respiration that were coupled with thoracic temperature (Tth) increases. Stationary beetles could regulate Tth at about 33°C independently of Ta between 16 and 29°C. At Ta20°C, this represents a 116-fold increase in metabolic rate over resting, ectothermic values. Endothermy was clearly a requirement for flight, and beetles departing inflorescences warmed to about 30°C before take-off. During flight, Tth was dependent on Ta, decreasing from 37 to 28°C at Ta of 37 to 20°C, respectively. The lowest Ta at which flight could occur was about 20°C. Thermal conductance of stationary, endothermic beetles increased at higher metabolic rates, probably because of increased ventilatory heat loss. [O] . Seymour, R.S., White, C.R., Gibernau, Marc 2009

机译：与产热香芋百合（Philodendron solimoesense）授粉生物学相关的动态圣甲虫（Cyclocephala colasi）吸热：Cyclocephala colasi甲虫是兼性吸热体，它们大部分成年生活都在Philodendron solimoesense的花序中，其平均温度（Ta）由于花的生热作用，温度约为28°C。在Ta范围内的呼吸测量表明，活跃的甲虫在Ta低于28°C时会自发吸热，而在Ta高于28°C时很少吸热。在花序中没有吸热的迹象，表明花室中的活动可以在没有高的吸热能量消耗的情况下发生。吸热的爆发主要发生在晚上，当昆虫通常从一个花序飞到另一个花序时，以及在晚上，它们通常在花序中进食并交配时，在呼吸计室的较低Ta处发生。在非飞行甲虫中通过呼吸测定法和红外热成像研究了单个发作中的吸热模式。伴随着胸温（Tth）升高的呼吸振荡波在胸腔中产生热量。固定甲虫可以在约33°C的温度下调节Tth，而与Ta在16至29°C之间的温度无关。在Ta20°C下，这表示其代谢速率比静止的，等温的升高116倍。吸热显然是飞行的要求，离开花序的甲虫在起飞前会升温到约30°C。在飞行过程中，Tth取决于Ta，在Ta从37降至20°C时，Tth分别从37°C降至28°C。可能发生飞行的最低Ta约为20°C。固定的，吸热的甲虫的热导率以较高的代谢率增加，这可能是由于通风热损失增加所致。

Top 20 Tips For Night Flying

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