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Spacecraft exploration of Phobos and Deimos

机译:火卫一和火卫二的航天器探索

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We review the previous exploration of Phobos and Deimos by spacecraft The first close-up images of Phobos and Deimos were obtained by the Mariner 9 spacecraft in 1971, followed by much image data from the two Viking orbiters at the end of the 70s, which formed the basis for early Phobos and Deimos shape and dynamic models. The Soviet Phobos 2 spacecraft came within 100 km of landing on Phobos in 1988. Mars Global Surveyor (1996-2006) and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (since 2005) made close-up observations of Phobos on several occasions. Mars Express (since 2003) in its highly elliptical orbit is currently the only spacecraft to make regular Phobos encounters and has returned large volumes of science data for this satellite. Landers and rovers on the ground (Viking Landers, Mars Pathfinder, MER rovers, MSL rover) frequently made observations of Phobos, Deimos and their transits across the solar disk.
机译:我们回顾了航天器之前对火卫一和地魔的探索。1971年,水手9号飞船获得了火卫一和地魔的第一张特写照片,随后在70年代末从两个维京轨道飞行器获得了许多图像数据,早期的Phobos和Deimos形状和动力学模型的基础。 1988年,苏联“火卫一” 2号飞船降落在火卫一100公里以内。火星全球测量师(1996-2006年)和火星侦察轨道器(自2005年起)曾多次对火卫一进行近距离观测。火星快车(自2003年起)处于其高度椭圆形轨道,是目前唯一进行常规火卫一相遇的航天器,并已为该卫星返回了大量科学数据。地面上的着陆器和漫游者(维京着陆器,火星探路者,MER漫游者,MSL漫游者)经常观察火卫一,地摩斯及其在太阳圆盘上的穿越。

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