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A life detection problem in a High Arctic microbial community

机译：北极高等微生物群落中的生命检测问题

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摘要

Fluorescent labeling of bacterial cell walls, DNA, and metabolic processes demonstrates high (potentially single molecule) sensitivity, is non-invasive, and in some cases can differentiate strains and species. Robust microscopes such as the custom instruments presented here can provide good image quality in the field and are potentially suitable for flight. However, ambiguous or false-positive results with bacterial stains can occur and can create difficulties in interpretation even on Earth. We present a "real" life detection problem in a sample of biofilms taken from the Canadian High Arctic. The samples consisted of numerous small sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and larger structures resembling fungi or diatoms. The identity of these latter structures remained ambiguous until electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy were performed, indicating that they were unusual sulfur minerals probably precipitated by the bacterial communities. While such mineral structures may possibly serve as biosignatures after the cells have disappeared, it is important that they not be mistaken for cells themselves. It is also possible that unusual mineral structures will be performed under extraterrestrial conditions, so great care is needed to differentiate cell structures from minerals.
机译：细菌细胞壁，DNA和代谢过程的荧光标记显示出很高的（可能是单分子）敏感性，是非侵入性的，在某些情况下可以区分菌株和物种。坚固的显微镜（如此处介绍的定制仪器）可以在野外提供良好的图像质量，并且有可能适合飞行。但是，可能会出现带有细菌污渍的含糊不清或假阳性结果，甚至在地球上也可能造成解释上的困难。我们从加拿大高北极地区拍摄的生物膜样本中提出了“真实”的生命检测问题。样品由许多小的硫氧化细菌和类似真菌或硅藻的较大结构组成。在进行电子显微镜和X射线光谱分析之前，后一种结构的身份一直不明确，这表明它们是不寻常的硫矿物质，很可能是细菌群落沉淀的。虽然这些矿物质结构可能在细胞消失后可以用作生物特征，但重要的是不要将它们误认为细胞本身。在地外条件下也可能会发生异常的矿物结构，因此需要格外小心，以区分细胞结构与矿物。

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  • 来源
    《Planetary and space science》 |2010年第4期|p.623-630|共8页
  • 作者

    J.D. Rogers; N.N. Perreault; T.D. Niederberger; C. Lichten; L.G. Whyte; J.L. Nadeau;

  • 作者单位

    College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Natural Resource Sciences, MacDonald campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9;

    rnDepartment of Natural Resource Sciences, MacDonald campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9;

    rnDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4;

    rnDepartment of Natural Resource Sciences, MacDonald campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9;

    rnDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    high arctic; cold springs; sulfur oxidizers; biosignature; fluorescence microscopy; FISH;

    机译：高北极冷泉;硫氧化剂;生物签名荧光显微镜鱼;

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