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Improved LOLA elevation maps for south pole landing sites: Error estimates and their impact on illumination conditions

机译：南极着陆网站的改进LOLA高程地图：错误估算及其对照明条件的影响

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摘要

We present new high-resolution topographic models of 4 high-priority lunar south pole landing sites based exclusively on the laser altimetry data acquired by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. By iteratively adjusting the LOLA tracks to the LOLA-based digital elevation model (LDEM) in a self-consistent fashion, we reduce the orbital geolocation errors by over a factor of 10 such that the new ground track geolocation uncertainty is similar to 10-20 cm horizontally and similar to 2-4 cm vertically over each 16 x 16 km region. These new and improved 5 m/pix LDEMs will be useful to constrain higher-resolution topographic models derived from imagery, which are not as well controlled geodetically and which can be hindered by shadows. We developed a method to estimate surface height uncertainty in the new LDEMs, which accounts for the reduced orbital errors and interpolation errors by assuming a fractal behavior for the short-scale topography. The LDEM surface height and slope uncertainties have typical RMS values of similar to 0.30-0.50 m and similar to 1.5-2.5 degrees, respectively. Finally, we examine how height uncertainties propagate to variations in horizon elevation and thus the predicted illumination conditions at these polar latitudes, and we show how this error characterization can inform landing site studies.
机译：我们在月球轨道激光高度计（LOLA）上的激光高级测量数据上，展示了新的4个高优先级月球南极着陆网站的新的高分辨率地形模型，该地板在月球侦察轨道登机轨道上获取的激光高度标准。通过迭代地将LOLA轨道调整到基于LOLA的数字高度模型（LDEM）以自我一致的方式，我们将轨道地理位置误差减少到10倍，使得新地理地理位置不确定度类似于10-20 CM水平且类似于2-4厘米垂直，每个16 x 16 km区域。这些新的和改进的5 M / PIX LDEMS将有助于约束从图像衍生的更高分辨率的地形模型，这些模型不受地理位置地控制的，并且可以受阴影阻碍。我们开发了一种估算新LDEM中表面高度不确定性的方法，该方法通过假设短尺地形的分形行为来估计降低的轨道误差和插值误差。 LDEM表面高度和斜坡不确定性具有典型的rms值，同样为0.30-0.50μm，类似于1.5-2.5度。最后，我们研究了高度的不确定性如何传播到地平线高度的变化，从而使这些极地纬度的预测的照明条件，以及我们展示了该错误表征的方式如何通知着陆现场研究。

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