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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Analysis of trophic interactions reveals highly plastic response to climate change in a tri-trophic High-Arctic ecosystem
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Analysis of trophic interactions reveals highly plastic response to climate change in a tri-trophic High-Arctic ecosystem

机译：营养相互作用的分析揭示了在三营养高北极生态系统中对气候变化的高度可塑性响应

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As a response to current climate changes, individual species have changed various biological traits, illustrating an inherent phenotypic plasticity. However, as species are embedded in an ecological network characterised by multiple consumer-resource interactions, ecological mismatches are likely to arise when interacting species do not respond homogeneously. The approach of biological networks analysis calls for the use of structural equation modelling (SEM), a multidimensional analytical setup that has proven particularly useful for analysing multiple interactions across trophic levels. Here we apply SEM to a long-term dataset from a High-Arctic ecosystem to analyse how phenological responses across three trophic levels are coupled to snowmelt patterns and how changes may cascade through consumer-resource interactions. Specifically, the model included the effect of snowmelt on a High-Arctic tri-trophic system of flowers, insects and waders (Charadriiformes), with latent factors representing phenology (timing of life history events) and performance (abundance or reproduction success) for each trophic level. The effects derived from the model demonstrated that the time of snowmelt directly affected plant and arthropod phenology as well as the performance of all included trophic levels. Additionally, timing of snowmelt appeared to indirectly influence wader phenology as well as plant, arthropod and wader performance through effects on adjacent trophic levels and lagged effects. The results from the tri-trophic community presented here emphasise that effects of climate on species in consumer-resource systems may propagate through trophic levels.
机译：为了应对当前的气候变化，单个物种已经改变了各种生物学特性，说明了固有的表型可塑性。但是，由于物种被嵌入以多种消费者-资源相互作用为特征的生态网络中，因此当相互作用的物种反应不一致时，很可能会出现生态失配。生物网络分析方法要求使用结构方程模型（SEM），这是一种多维分析设置，已被证明对于分析营养级之间的多种相互作用特别有用。在这里，我们将SEM应用于来自高北极生态系统的长期数据集，以分析跨越三个营养级的物候响应如何与融雪模式耦合以及变化如何通过消费者-资源交互作用而级联。具体而言，该模型包括融雪对花朵，昆虫和涉禽（Ch​​aradriiformes）的高北极三营养系统的影响，潜在因素分别代表每种的物候（生活史事件的时间）和性能（丰度或繁殖成功）。营养级。从模型得出的影响表明，融雪的时间直接影响植物和节肢动物的物候以及所有营养水平的表现。此外，融雪的时间似乎通过影响邻近的营养水平和滞后效应而间接影响涉水物候以及植物，节肢动物和涉水性能。这里介绍的三营养群落的结果强调，气候对消费者资源系统中物种的影响可能会通过营养水平传播。

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