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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Using long-term population trends of an invasive herbivore to quantify the impact of management actions in the sub-Antarctic
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Using long-term population trends of an invasive herbivore to quantify the impact of management actions in the sub-Antarctic

机译：利用侵入性草食动物的长期种群趋势来量化管理行动在南极洲的影响

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摘要

Accurate, long-term population estimates of invasive vertebrate pests are a key element of ecosystem management. Not only can they clarify the role of invasive species in changing ecosystem dynamics, they are also necessary to evaluate and assess management actions. Rabbits were first introduced to sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island in the 1870s, and since the 1960s have been targeted and influenced by a range of management programs. Here, for the first time, we model population trends of rabbits on Macquarie Island from the beginning of these management actions to the end of a recent, successful eradication attempt. We show that over a 38-year time frame, the population has undergone substantial fluctuations, peaking at over 350,000 individuals (27 indiv ha~(-1)) in the late 1970s, before declining to less than 30,000 individuals (2-3 indiv ha~(-1)) through the 1980s and early 1990s. From the late 1990s to 2005, the population increased relatively rapidly, this time peaking at approximately 221,000 individuals. After the commencement of eradication operations in 2010, the population dropped sharply, decreasing from 135,707 ± 25,995 to effectively zero in just over 12 months. This research contributes to our understanding of the complex population dynamics of sub-Antarctic invasive species and highlights the importance of monitoring in planning, understanding and assessing management actions. The development of models described here allowed population trends to be identified on Macquarie Island, despite 'noise' in the data from seasonality or sporadic observations. In consequence, the impacts of both long- and short-term management actions could be quantified. These techniques are applicable to other locations and species where long-term census data exist.
机译：对侵入性脊椎动物有害生物的准确，长期的种群估计是生态系统管理的关键要素。它们不仅可以阐明入侵物种在不断变化的生态系统动态中的作用，而且对于评估和评估管理措施也是必要的。兔子是在1870年代首次引入南极麦格理岛的，从1960年代起，兔子就成为了一系列管理计划的目标并受到其影响。在这里，我们首次在Macquarie岛上对兔子的种群趋势进行建模，从这些管理行动的开始到最近成功的根除尝试的结束。我们显示，在38年的时间范围内，人口经历了大幅波动，在1970年代后期达到了350,000多人（27 indiv ha〜（-1）），然后下降到少于30,000个人（2-3 indiv）。 ha〜（-1）），直到1980年代和1990年代初。从1990年代后期到2005年，人口增长相对较快，这次达到了约221,000人的峰值。在2010年开始实施根除行动后，人口急剧下降，从135,707±25,995降至仅在短短12个月内的零人口。这项研究有助于我们了解南极亚入侵物种的复杂种群动态，并强调了监测在规划，理解和评估管理措施中的重要性。尽管季节性或零星观测的数据存在“噪音”，但此处描述的模型的发展使人们可以在麦格理岛上识别出人口趋势。因此，可以量化长期和短期管理措施的影响。这些技术适用于存在长期普查数据的其他位置和物种。

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