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The long engagement of the emperor penguin

机译:帝企鹅的长期订婚

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摘要

In birds, courtship is generally short relative to the whole breeding cycle. Emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri), however, are an exception as their courtship period is much longer (ca. 6 weeks) than the courtship of other penguin species. This strategy may appear surprising, as it is especially costly to fast and endure drastic climatic conditions for long periods at the colony (1.5 and up to 4 months for females and males, respectively). We examined here the reasons of this extended courtship period and found that emperor penguins returned earlier to the colony when primary oceanic production before breeding was high. This suggests that emperor penguins return to the colony as soon as primary oceanic production in summer allows them to replenish their body reserves. The extended period of time spent at the colony during courtship may therefore result from an evolutionary process that confers advantages to emperor penguins that arrive earlier at the colony by reducing predation risks and offering better chances of securing a partner.
机译:在鸟类中,求爱通常相对于整个育种周期短。但是,帝王企鹅(Aptenodytes forsteri)是一个例外,因为他们的求爱期比其他企鹅的求爱期长(约6周)。这种策略可能看起来令人惊讶,因为在殖民地长期长期忍受剧烈的气候条件特别昂贵(雌性和雄性分别为1.5个月和长达4个月)。我们在这里检查了延长求偶时间的原因,发现皇帝企鹅在繁殖前的主要海洋产量很高时就更早回到了殖民地。这表明,一旦夏季的主要海洋生产使它们补充了身体储备,帝企鹅便会返回殖民地。因此,求爱期间在殖民地度过的长时间可能是由于进化过程而产生的,该进化过程通过减少掠食风险并提供更好的机会来确保伴侣的身份,使更早到达殖民地的帝企鹅获得了优势。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Polar biology》 |2013年第4期|573-577|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Universite de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France CNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France;

    Universite Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d'Alfort, UMR 7179 CNRS MNHN, 7 avenue du General de Gaulle, 94704 Maisons-Alfort, France;

    Biology I, University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    courtship; breeding; primary oceanic production; antarctica; spheniscidae;

    机译:求爱;配种;初级海洋生产;南极洲;蝶科;

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